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Men with low hip and\/or LS BMD were randomized to high-intensity progressive resistance and impact training (HiRIT) or machine-based isometric axial compression (IAC) and compared to a nonrandomized matched control (CON). Outcomes included: hip and LS BMD; calcaneal ultrasound parameters; anthropometry; body composition; function (timed up-and-go [TUG], five-times sit-to-stand [FTSTS]); back extensor strength (BES); leg extensor strength (LES); compliance and adverse events. Ninety-three men (67.1 \u00b1 7.5 years; 82.1 \u00b1 11.6 kg; 175.2 \u00b1 6.7 cm; FN T-score \u22121.6 \u00b1 0.6) were randomized to HiRIT (n = 34) or IAC (n = 33), or allocated to CON (n = 26). HiRIT improved trochanteric BMD (2.8 \u00b1 0.8%; \u22120.1 \u00b1 0.9%, p = .024), LS BMD (4.1 \u00b1 0.7%; 0.9 \u00b1 0.8%, p = .003), BUA (2.2 \u00b1 0.7%; \u22120.8 \u00b1 0.9%, p = .009), stiffness index (1.6 \u00b1 0.9%; \u22122.0 \u00b1 1.1%, p = .011), lean mass (1.5 \u00b1 0.8%; \u22122.4 \u00b1 0.9%, p = .002), TUG, FTSTS, BES, and LES (p &amp;lt; .05) compared with CON. IAC improved lean mass (0.8 \u00b1 0.8%; \u22122.4 \u00b1 0.9%, p = .013) and FTSTS (\u22124.5 \u00b1 1.6%; 7.5 \u00b1 2.0%, p &amp;lt; .001) compared with CON. HiRIT improved LS BMD (4.1 \u00b1 0.7%; 2.0 \u00b1 0.7%, p = .039), stiffness index (1.6 \u00b1 0.9%; \u22121.3 \u00b1 0.9%, p = .025), and FTSTS (\u221210.7 \u00b1 1.6%; \u22124.5 \u00b1 1.7%, p = .010) compared with IAC. Exercise compliance was high (HiRIT 77.8 \u00b1 16.6%; IAC 78.5 \u00b1 14.8%, p = .872). There were five minor adverse events (HiRIT, 2; IAC, 3). HiRIT was well-tolerated and improved bone, function and fracture risk more than CON or IAC. \u00a9 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T12:34:56Z","timestamp":1584362096000},"page":"1404-1414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["A Comparison of Bone-Targeted Exercise Strategies to Reduce Fracture Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Men with Osteopenia and Osteoporosis: LIFTMOR-M Semi-Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2533-7147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy T","family":"Harding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin K","family":"Weeks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa J","family":"Weis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bone Clinic Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1295-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Belinda R","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Bone Clinic Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"School of Allied Health Sciences Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"},{"name":"Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024031418593009400_jbmr4008-bib-0001","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Osteoporosis costing all Australians: a new burden of disease analysis 2012 to 2022","author":"Watts","year":"2013","edition":"1st 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