{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:20:11Z","timestamp":1791894011315,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1152,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]],"date-time":"2021-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":126,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[234724\/2014-5]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[234724\/2014-5]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[234724\/2014\u20105]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[234724\/2014\u20105]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asbmr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Fracture risk is increased in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Diabetic neuropathy might contribute to this increased risk directly through effects on bone turnover and indirectly through effects on balance, muscle strength, and gait. We compared patients with T1D with (T1DN+, n\u00a0=\u00a020) and without (T1DN\u2212, n\u00a0=\u00a020) distal symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy and controls (n\u00a0=\u00a020). We assessed areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and appendicular muscle mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, microarchitecture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative tomography at the standard ultra-distal site and at an exploratory 14% bone length site at the tibia and radius, bone turnover markers, and muscle strength, gait, and balance by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). At the standard ultra-distal site, tibial cortical porosity was 56% higher in T1DN+ compared with T1DN\u2212 (p\u00a0=\u00a0.009) and correlated positively with the severity of neuropathy (Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score; r\u00a0=\u00a00.347, p\u00a0=\u00a0.028) and negatively with nerve conduction amplitude and velocity (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.386, p\u00a0=\u00a0.015 and r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.358, p\u00a0=\u00a0.025, respectively). Similar negative correlations were also observed at the radius (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.484, p\u00a0=\u00a0.006 and r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.446, p\u00a0=\u00a0.012, respectively). At the exploratory 14% offset site (less distal), we found higher trabecular volumetric BMD (tibia 25%, p\u00a0=\u00a0.024; radius 46%, p\u00a0=\u00a0.017), trabecular bone volume (tibia 25%, p\u00a0=\u00a0.023; radius 46%, p\u00a0=\u00a0.017), and trabecular number (tibia 22%, p\u00a0=\u00a0.014; radius 30%, p\u00a0=\u00a0.010) in T1DN\u2013 compared with controls. Both CTX and PINP were lower in participants with TD1 compared with controls. No difference was found in aBMD and appendicular muscle mass. T1DN+ had worse performance in the SPPB compared with T1DN\u2013 and control. In summary, neuropathy was associated with cortical porosity and worse performance in physical tests. Our findings suggest that bone structure does not fully explain the rate of fractures in T1D. We conclude that the increase in the risk of fractures in T1D is multifactorial with both skeletal and non-skeletal contributions. \u00a9 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T04:01:20Z","timestamp":1617768080000},"page":"1048-1059","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The Effects of Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy on the Musculoskeletal System: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9227-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiane","family":"Vilaca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1030-0723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret","family":"Paggiosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer S","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Selvarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0323-3366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Eastell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10138","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31320-5","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes","volume":"391","author":"DiMeglio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1303","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathies: update on definitions, diagnostic criteria, estimation of severity, and treatments","volume":"33","author":"Tesfaye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-016-0229-0","article-title":"Obesity, type 2 diabetes and bone in adults","volume":"100","author":"Walsh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm106","article-title":"Systematic review of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of fracture","volume":"166","author":"Janghorbani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0253-4","article-title":"Discrepancies in bone mineral density and fracture risk in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes-a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3279-7","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and risk of hip fractures: a meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-016-0562-1","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and risk of low-energy fractures in postmenopausal women: meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"29","author":"Dytfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12734","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes and risk of fracture: meta-analysis and review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Shah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabet Med."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0009","first-page":"630","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the risk of ankle and wrist fractures in diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Vilaca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115457","article-title":"The risk of hip and non-vertebral fractures in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis update","volume":"137","author":"Vilaca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3002","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and risk of hip fractures and non-skeletal fall injuries in the elderly: a study from the Fractures and Fall Injuries in the Elderly Cohort (FRAILCO)","volume":"32","author":"Wallander","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"21","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.715","article-title":"Association of BMD and FRAX score with risk of fracture in older adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"305","author":"Schwartz","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"12","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2573","article-title":"Bone geometry, volumetric density, microarchitecture, and estimated bone strength assessed by HR-pQCT in adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"30","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0860","article-title":"Compromised cortical bone compartment in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microvascular disease","volume":"174","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4678-3","article-title":"The association between diabetes status, HbA1c, diabetes duration, microvascular disease, and bone quality of the distal radius and tibia as measured with high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography\u2014the Maastricht study","volume":"29","author":"de Waard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5045","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0226","article-title":"High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomographic imaging of cortical and trabecular bone microarchitecture in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"95","author":"Burghardt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-015-0100-8","article-title":"Bone microarchitecture in men and women with diabetes: the importance of cortical porosity","volume":"98","author":"Paccou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3240","article-title":"Diabetes and deficits in cortical bone density, microarchitecture, and bone size: Framingham HR-pQCT study","volume":"33","author":"Samelson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3057","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with better bone microarchitecture but lower bone material strength and poorer physical function in elderly women: a population-based study","volume":"32","author":"Nilsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1763","article-title":"Increased cortical porosity in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women with fragility fractures","volume":"28","author":"Patsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.03.016","article-title":"Regulation of bone remodeling by the central and peripheral nervous system","volume":"473","author":"Elefteriou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5361","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41779-w","article-title":"Innervation is higher above bone remodeling surfaces and in cortical pores in human bone: lessons from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"9","author":"Sayilekshmy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.4.817","article-title":"The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy in a population-based cohort: the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study","volume":"43","author":"Dyck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2015.08.005","article-title":"Falls and balance impairments in older adults with type 2 diabetes: thinking beyond diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"40","author":"Hewston","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0433","article-title":"The relationship of reduced peripheral nerve function and diabetes with physical performance in older white and black adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study","volume":"31","author":"Strotmeyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2013.08.007","article-title":"Diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and lower-extremity function","volume":"28","author":"Chiles","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.2.250","article-title":"Simple screening tests for peripheral neuropathy in the diabetes clinic","volume":"24","author":"Perkins","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.11.2048","article-title":"Validation of the Toronto Clinical Scoring System for diabetic polyneuropathy","volume":"25","author":"Bril","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01593","article-title":"Clinical fractures among older men with diabetes are mediated by diabetic complications","volume":"103","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86515","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086515","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a point-of-care sural nerve conduction device for identification of diabetic neuropathy","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0031","first-page":"S14","article-title":"standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142020","volume":"43","author":"Classification and diagnosis of diabetes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-013-9798-3","article-title":"Precision of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography measurement variables: influence of gender, examination site, and age","volume":"94","author":"Paggiosi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-020-05438-5","article-title":"Guidelines for the assessment of bone density and microarchitecture in vivo using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography","volume":"31","author":"Whittier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1829-1","article-title":"Short-term in vivo precision of BMD and parameters of trabecular architecture at the distal forearm and tibia","volume":"23","author":"Engelke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111096","article-title":"Relationships between surface, volume, and thickness of iliac trabecular bone in aging and in osteoporosis. Implications for the microanatomic and cellular mechanisms of bone loss","volume":"72","author":"Parfitt","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1385\/JCD:8:4:371","article-title":"Precision assessment and radiation safety for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: position paper of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry","volume":"8","author":"Baim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.05.034","article-title":"Reproducibility of direct quantitative measures of cortical bone microarchitecture of the distal radius and tibia by HR-pQCT","volume":"47","author":"Burghardt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.02.009","article-title":"Cortical measurements of the tibia from high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography images: a comparison with synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography","volume":"63","author":"Ostertag","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2007.11.003","article-title":"Improved reproducibility of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography for measurement of bone quality","volume":"30","author":"MacNeil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2018.03.016","article-title":"Bone turnover markers after the menopause: T-score approach","volume":"111","author":"Gossiel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M85","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85","article-title":"A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission","volume":"49","author":"Guralnik","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Gerontol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.02.019","article-title":"Biochemical bone turnover markers in diabetes mellitus\u2014a systematic review","volume":"82","author":"Starup-Linde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-014-1913-x","article-title":"Effects of high glucose and high insulin concentrations on osteoblast function in vitro","volume":"358","author":"Cunha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20842","article-title":"Chronic hyperglycemia modulates osteoblast gene expression through osmotic and non-osmotic pathways","volume":"99","author":"Botolin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5691","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M610536200","article-title":"Non-enzymatic glycation of bone collagen modifies osteoclastic activity and differentiation","volume":"282","author":"Valcourt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1433.044","article-title":"Pentosidine effects on human osteoblasts in vitro","volume":"1126","author":"Sanguineti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2014.12.002","article-title":"Use of relative vs fixed offset distance to define region of interest at the distal radius and tibia in high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography","volume":"18","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dgz070","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz070","article-title":"Bone histomorphometry in young patients with type 2 diabetes is affected by disease control and chronic complications","volume":"105","author":"Andrade","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2018.05.030","article-title":"Bone microarchitecture, biomechanical properties, and advanced glycation end-products in the proximal femur of adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"114","author":"Karim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-019-00538-6","article-title":"Effects of diabetes on bone material properties","volume":"17","author":"Lekkala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623439","article-title":"Non-skeletal determinants of fractures: the potential importance of the mechanics of falls. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group","volume":"4","author":"Cummings","year":"1994","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979270","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/979270","article-title":"Potential explanatory factors for higher incident hip fracture risk in older diabetic adults","volume":"2011","author":"Strotmeyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0475-z","article-title":"Severe hypoglycemia is associated with high risk for falls in adults with type 1 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Shah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1152","article-title":"Diabetes-related complications, glycemic control, and falls in older adults","volume":"31","author":"Schwartz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-018-1082-y","article-title":"Short-Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score is associated with falls in older outpatients","volume":"31","author":"Lauretani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-005-0168-0","article-title":"Autonomic, endothelial function and the analysis of gait in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes","volume":"42","author":"Petrofsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.115074","article-title":"Muscle and bone parameters in underprivileged Indian children and adolescents with T1DM","volume":"130","author":"Dongare-Bhor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.10.005","article-title":"Muscle functions and bone strength are impaired in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"106","author":"Maratova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s13340-019-00400-1","article-title":"Clinical impact of sarcopenia and dynapenia on diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Mori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetol Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2508","article-title":"Association between bone mineral density and type 1 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies","volume":"30","author":"Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024012713481555700_jbmr4271-bib-0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0138224","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138224","article-title":"SUDOSCAN: a simple, rapid, and objective method with potential for screening for diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"10","author":"Selvarajah","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbmr.4271","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbmr.4271","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/36\/6\/1048\/55456152\/jbmr4271.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/36\/6\/1048\/55456152\/jbmr4271.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T15:06:53Z","timestamp":1710342413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/36\/6\/1048-1059\/7516590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.4271","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}