{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T06:26:49Z","timestamp":1781072809551,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1152,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":157,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asbmr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In pregnancy, changes in maternal calcium (Ca) economy occur to satisfy fetal Ca demand. It is unclear whether maternal mineral reserves facilitate these requirements and no data exist from sub-Saharan Africa. The aim was to determine skeletal changes with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and bone biochemistry between early second and third trimesters. Pregnant rural Gambians aged 18 to 45\u2009years (n\u00a0=\u00a0467) participating in a trial of antenatal nutritional supplements (ISRCTN49285450) had pQCT scans and blood collections at mean (SD) 14 (3) and 31 (1) weeks\u2019 gestation. Outcomes were pQCT: radius\/tibia 4% total volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), trabecular vBMD, total cross-sectional area (CSA), 33%\/38% radius\/tibia cortical vBMD, bone mineral content (BMC), total CSA; biochemistry: collagen type 1 cross-linked \u03b2-C-telopeptide (\u03b2-CTX), type 1 procollagen N-terminal (P1NP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 1,25(OH)2D. Independent t tests tested whether pooled or within-group changes differed from 0. Multiple regression was performed adjusting for age. Data for change are expressed as mean (confidence interval [CI] 2.5, 97.5%). Radius trabecular vBMD, cortical vBMD, and BMC increased by 1.15 (0.55, 1.75)%, 0.41 (0.24, 0.58)%, and 0.47 (0.25, 0.69)%. Tibia total and trabecular vBMD increased by 0.34 (0.15, 0.54)% and 0.46 (0.17, 0.74)%, while tibia cortical vBMD, BMC, and cortical CSA increased by 0.35 (0.26, 0.44)%, 0.55 (0.41, 0.68)% and 0.20 (0.09, 0.31)%, respectively. CTX, PTH, and 1,25(OH)2D increased by 23.0 (15.09, 29.29)%, 13.2 (8.44, 19.34)%, and 21.0 (17.67, 24.29)%, while P1NP decreased by 32.4 (\u221237.19, \u221228.17)%. No evidence of mobilization was observed in the peripheral skeleton. Resorption, although higher in late versus early gestation, was lower throughout pregnancy compared with non-pregnant non-lactating (NPNL) in the same community. Formation was lower in late pregnancy than in early, and below NPNL levels. This suggests a shift in the ratio of resorption to formation. Despite some evidence of change in bone metabolism, in this population, with habitually low Ca intakes, the peripheral skeleton was not mobilized as a Ca source for the fetus. \u00a9 2021 crown copyright . Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). The article published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer of Scotland..<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T12:24:21Z","timestamp":1617107061000},"page":"1269-1280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pregnancy-Related Change in pQCT and Bone Biochemistry in a Population With a Habitually Low Calcium Intake"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9695-6378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00edche\u00e1l","family":"\u00d3 Breasail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7034-6750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate A","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia"},{"name":"MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital Southampton UK"},{"name":"MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4892-2170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon M","family":"Schoenbuchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Biostatistics Unit University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute of Public Health Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustapha","family":"Ceesay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Landing M","family":"Jarjou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie E","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women and Children's Health King's College London London UK"},{"name":"MRC Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Prentice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The 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