{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:40:44Z","timestamp":1791330044231,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":245,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","award":["2K12HD052896-11, PI: Nora Renthal"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2K12HD052896-11, PI: Nora Renthal"]}]},{"name":"Boston Children's Hospital\/Broad Institute Collaborative Project funding from the Boston Investment Conference"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006823","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK075787"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK075787"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006823","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK075787"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK075787"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asbmr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human adult height reflects the outcome of childhood skeletal growth. Growth plate (epiphyseal) chondrocytes are key determinants of height. As epiphyseal chondrocytes mature and proliferate, they pass through three developmental stages, which are organized into three distinct layers in the growth plate: (i) resting (round), (ii) proliferative (flat), and (iii) hypertrophic. Recent genomewide association studies (GWASs) of human height identified numerous associated loci, which are enriched for genes expressed in growth plate chondrocytes. However, it remains unclear which specific genes expressed in which layers of the growth plate regulate skeletal growth and human height. To connect the genetics of height and growth plate biology, we analyzed GWAS data through the lens of gene expression in the three dissected layers of murine newborn tibial growth plate. For each gene, we derived a specificity score for each growth plate layer and regressed these scores against gene-level p values from recent height GWAS data. We found that specificity for expression in the round cell layer, which contains chondrocytes early in maturation, is significantly associated with height GWAS p values (p\u00a0=\u00a08.5\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22129); this association remains after conditioning on specificity for the other cell layers. The association also remains after conditioning on membership in an \u201cOnline Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) gene set\u201d (genes known to cause monogenic skeletal growth disorders, p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20099.7\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u22126). We replicated the association in RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from maturing chondrocytes sampled at early and late time points during differentiation in vitro: we found that expression early in differentiation is significantly associated with p values from height GWASs (p\u00a0=\u00a06.1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u221210) and that this association remains after conditioning on expression at 10\u2009days in culture and on the OMIM gene set (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.006). These findings newly implicate genes highlighted by GWASs of height and specifically expressed in the round cell layer as being potentially important regulators of skeletal biology. \u00a9 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:02:00Z","timestamp":1628035320000},"page":"2300-2308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Genes with specificity for expression in the round cell layer of the growth plate are enriched in genomewide association study (GWAS) of human height"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8186-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora E.","family":"Renthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Nakka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Baronas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry M.","family":"Kronenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Unit Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel N.","family":"Hirschhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"2024012713454765200_jbmr4408-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5193","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds347","article-title":"Synthesizing genome-wide association studies and expression microarray reveals novel genes that act in the human growth plate to modulate height","volume":"21","author":"Lui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"7730","key":"2024012713454765200_jbmr4408-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0662-5","article-title":"Resting zone of the growth plate 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