{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T06:17:28Z","timestamp":1773382648288,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1152,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":619,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["275270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["275270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["275270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["275270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asbmr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The knowledge about why hip fracture rates in Norway have declined is sparse. Concurrent with decreasing hip fracture rates, the rates of total hip replacements (THRs) have increased. We wanted to investigate if hip fracture rates continued to decline, and whether the increase in THRs had any influence on this decline, assuming that living with a hip prosthesis precludes fracture of the operated hip. Information on hip fractures in Norway 1999\u20132019 was available from the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) hip fracture database and population size were available in official population tables from Statistics Norway. Primary THRs (for any cause except hip fracture) 1989\u20132019 were obtained from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. We calculated the annual age-standardized incidence rates of hip fracture by sex for the period 1999\u20132019. The hip fracture rates in a scenario with no hip prostheses were calculated by subtracting 0.5 persons from the population at risk for each prevalent hip prosthesis, considering that each person has two hips at risk of fracture. We estimated how much of the decline could be attributed to the increased prevalence of hip prostheses. From 1999 to 2019, age-standardized incidence rates of hip fracture decreased by 27% in women and 20% in men. The rates remained stable in those under 70\u2009years and decreased in those 70\u2009years and above. Excluding replaced hips from the population at risk led to higher incidence rates, and this impact was considerably larger at higher ages. The increased prevalence of hip prostheses over the period accounted for approximately 18% (20% in women and 11% in men) of the observed decline in hip fracture rates. In conclusion, the incidence of hip fractures continued to decline, and the increasing number of people living with hip prostheses contributed significantly to the observed declining time trends. \u00a9 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]],"date-time":"2022-07-25T11:39:01Z","timestamp":1658749141000},"page":"1936-1943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Impact of Total Hip Replacements on the Incidence of Hip Fractures in Norway During 1999\u20132019. A Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3824-4927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena Kames","family":"Kjeldgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Health and Ageing Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haakon E.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and Global Health University of Oslo Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Physical Health and Ageing Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"O'Flaherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health & Policy University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen M.","family":"Apalset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"Bergen Group of Epidemiology and Biomarkers in Rheumatic Disease, Department of Rheumatology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8143-0907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilie","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and Global Health University of Oslo Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Emaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Fenstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ove","family":"Furnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan-Erik","family":"Gjertsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway"},{"name":"The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology St. Olavs University Hospital Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Berit","family":"Schei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology St. Olavs Hospital Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Johanne","family":"S\u00f8gaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Health and Ageing Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grethe S.","family":"Tell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3132-2822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin","family":"Holvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Health and Ageing Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2024012714054762800_jbmr4660-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-004-1627-0","article-title":"An estimate of the worldwide prevalence, mortality and disability associated with hip fracture","volume":"15","author":"Johnell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024012714054762800_jbmr4660-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.51","article-title":"Geographic and ethnic disparities in osteoporotic 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