{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T15:41:58Z","timestamp":1792251718260,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]],"date-time":"1990-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":649468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Two distinct syndromes of osteoporosis have been postulated: type I, which is characterized by accelerated bone loss occurring in women during the early postmenopausal period; and type II, an age-related process of bone loss affecting both men and women in and after the seventh decade. Recently there has been indirect evidence linking local products of the immune system with bone remodeling. We therefore studied peripheral blood profiles of specific lymphocyte phenotypes in women with type I osteoporosis and in older women and men with type II osteoporosis. The ratio of CD4-bearing (T helper) cells to CD8-bearing (T cytotoxic-suppressor) cells (CD4\/CD8 ratio) was elevated in women with symptomatic type I disease. In addition there was a significant negative correlation (r = -0.62, p &amp;lt; 0.001) between the CD4\/CD8 ratio and the spinal bone mineral density measured by dual-photon absorptiometry. In contrast, older men with a history of fracture (hip or spine) had CD4\/CD8 ratios similar to control men. The number of T cells bearing IL-2R or VLA-1 was not different between osteoporotic subjects and controls in either men or women. This study supports the concept that local products of the immune system may be directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of type I osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650050808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,3]],"date-time":"2010-02-03T18:02:36Z","timestamp":1265220156000},"page":"851-855","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["T lymphocyte surface antigen markers in osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Clifford J.","family":"Rosen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, St. Joseph Hospital, Bangor, ME"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Usiskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA"},{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelius O.","family":"Barlascini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA"},{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Belsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA"},{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Adler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA"},{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90860-4","article-title":"Evidence for two distinct syndromes of involutional osteoporosis","volume":"75","author":"Riggs","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90810-5","article-title":"Postmenopausal osteoporosis: A heterogenous disorder as assessed by histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest bone from untreated patients","volume":"72","author":"Whyte","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-4-697","article-title":"Bone mass and its relationship to age and the menopause","volume":"65","author":"Nilas","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-102-3-319","article-title":"Long-term estrogen replacement therapy prevents bone loss and fractures","volume":"102","author":"Ettinger","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib5","first-page":"275","article-title":"Endogenous cortisol and sex steroids in patients with osteoporotic spinal fractures","volume":"61","author":"Davidison","year":"1983","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780300715","article-title":"Osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"30","author":"Avioli","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/306378a0","article-title":"An interleukin-1 like factor stimulates bone resorption in vitro","volume":"306","author":"Gowen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1126\/science.177.4051.793","article-title":"Bone resorbing activity in supernatant fluid from cultured human peripheral blood leukocytes","volume":"177","author":"Horton","year":"1972","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4616","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.13.4616","article-title":"Spontaneous release of interleukin-1 from human blood monocytes reflect bone formation in idiopathic osteoporosis","volume":"84","author":"Pacifici","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2024012712385681800_bib10","first-page":"257","article-title":"Lymphokines: Their role in lymphocyte responses. 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