{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T02:22:41Z","timestamp":1767666161116},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,12,1]],"date-time":"1993-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":754704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The bisphosphonates are analogs of naturally occurring pyrophosphate. They appear to block bone resorption much more than mineralization. A series of compounds has been investigated. These have antiresorptive potencies ranging from 1 to 10,000. So far, structure-function relationships have eluded definition. These drugs increase the bone density in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis by about 5%-10% over 1 year. The bone density then appears to plateau, but most studies are of short duration. Improved bone density does not necessarily result in stronger bone, but no studies have had adequate power to assess fracture incidence. Bone formation rates decrease as measured histomorphometrically. This occurs while the bone density is improving, which implies an inhibition of bone resorption that is probably due to direct toxicity to the osteoclasts. Etidronate blocks mineralization as well as resorption and can cause osteomalacia, which is not seen with low-dose cyclical etidronate or with the second-generation compounds. The long-term effects of interfering with the remodeling cycle are still not known. Subtle side effects may be those on the bone itself. These might go undetected, since bone pain or fractures usually are atributable to the underlying disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650081329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,3]],"date-time":"2010-02-03T16:52:37Z","timestamp":1265215957000},"page":"S597-S606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Ott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib1","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Osteoporosis 1990","author":"Alexandre","year":"1990"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02405341","article-title":"Preliminary observations of a form of coherence therapy for osteoporosis","volume":"36","author":"Anderson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib3","first-page":"27","article-title":"Two modes of action of bisphosphonates on osteoclastic resorption of mineralized matrix","volume":"1","author":"Boonekamp","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bone Min"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92272-4","article-title":"Focal osteomalacia due to low-dose diphosphonate therapy in Paget's disease","volume":"1","author":"Boyce","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650060704","article-title":"Cortical osteoclasts are less sensitive to etidronate than trabecular osteoclasts","volume":"6","author":"Chappard","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Min Res"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02553699","article-title":"Intersample variation in bone histomorphometry: Comparison between parameter values measured on two continguous transiliac bone biopsies","volume":"37","author":"Chavassieux","year":"1985","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345910700020501","article-title":"The effect of EHDP concentration on enamel demineralization in vitro","volume":"70","author":"Christoffersen","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01719784","article-title":"Morphological analysis of iliac crest bone biopsies in patients with osteoporosis and treatment according to the aDFR concept with (1\u201338)hPTH and diphosphonate (EHDP)-osteoporosis Study I, Hannover","volume":"67","author":"Delling","year":"1989","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib9","first-page":"1504","volume-title":"Osteoporosis 1990","author":"Devogelaer","year":"1990"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib10","first-page":"1507","volume-title":"Osteoporosis 1990","author":"Devogelaer","year":"1990"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib11","first-page":"339","article-title":"The effect of a single dose of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) on secretory ameloblasts and enamel formation in rat incisors","volume":"18","author":"Fejerskov","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Buccale"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02555852","article-title":"Inhibition of bone resorption by bisphosphonates: Interactions between bisphosphonates, osteoclasts, and bone","volume":"49","author":"Flanagan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2024013113115246600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199142060-00003","article-title":"Bisphosphonates. 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