{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T01:02:15Z","timestamp":1778893335654,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]],"date-time":"1994-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":780969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health Grant","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Po1-HL48743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Po1-HL48743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Osteoporosis Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007917","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["53-3K06-5-10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["53-3K06-5-10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Diseased or necrotic tissue can become calcified in a way that resembles bone. We examined soft tissues for the presence and regulation of the mRNA for the bone-associated protein, osteocalcin (OC). RNA was isolated from liver, kidney, lung, brain, muscle, and bone of young (2 months) male SD rats and analyzed for \u03b2-actin, IGF-I, metallothionein IIa, \u03b11 collagen, calbindin-D9k (CaBP), and OC mRNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). All PCR products but CaBP were found in bone; CaBP was present only in duodenum, kidney, and lung. OC product was detected in all tissues; the identity of the PCR product was confirmed by sequencing. Bone OC mRNA levels were calculated to be 1000-fold higher than duodenal levels. Rats fed a 0.8% strontium diet for 7 days to drive down serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels [1,25(OH)2D3] and then injected with 300 ng 1,25(OH)2D3\/100 body weight had increased duodenal CaBP (2.5-fold) and femur OC mRNA (2.2-fold) 24 h after treatment. Duodenal OC mRNA was unchanged. OC mRNA was found in nondiseased human aortae, and the amount of message was elevated in calcified aorta and calcified aortic plaques. These results demonstrate that (1) tissues other than bone have low basal expression of OC mRNA, (2) OC mRNA is not regulated by vitamin D in nonosteoid tissue, and (3) expression of OC mRNA in atherosclerotic aorta reflects a role for bone-forming cells in ectopic bone formation observed in certain disease conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650091009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,3]],"date-time":"2010-02-03T16:27:42Z","timestamp":1265214462000},"page":"1565-1573","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Identification of osteocalcin mrna in nonosteoid tissue of rats and humans by reverse transcription\u2014polymerase chain reaction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"James C.","family":"Fleet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet M.","family":"Hock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts University School of Dental Medicine and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic, Boston, Massachusetts. Current affiliation: Skeletal Research Group, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024013113134045800_bib1","volume-title":"Pathologic Basis of Disease","author":"Robbins","year":"1979","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2024013113134045800_bib2","first-page":"665","article-title":"Calcification of the media of the aorta and its relationship to arteriosclerosis, ageing and disease","volume":"20","author":"Blumenthal","year":"1944","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2024013113134045800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(83)90163-6","article-title":"The identification of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein osteocalcin as one of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid containing proteins present in calcified atherosclerotic plaque and mineralized heart valves","volume":"46","author":"Levy","year":"1983","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2024013113134045800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)69522-0","article-title":"Developmental appearance of the vitamin K-dependent protein of bone during calcification. 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