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Some of these canonical pathways changed by nano\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in vitro treatments have been already reported in the literature, such as NRF2\u2010mediated stress response, fatty acid metabolism, cell cycle and apoptosis, immune response, cholesterol biosynthesis, and glycolysis. But this genomic study also revealed some novel effects such as protein synthesis, protein ubiquitination, hepatic fibrosis, and cancer\u2010related signaling pathways. More importantly, this genomic analysis of nano\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> treated HepG2 cells linked some of the in vitro canonical pathways to in vivo adverse outcomes: NRF2\u2010mediated response pathways to oxidative stress, acute phase response to inflammation, cholesterol biosynthesis to steroid hormones alteration, fatty acid metabolism changes to lipid homeostasis alteration, G2\/M cell checkpoint regulation to apoptosis, and hepatic fibrosis\/stellate cell activation to liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.21798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,26]],"date-time":"2016-02-26T11:44:28Z","timestamp":1456487068000},"page":"331-341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Differential Genomic Effects of Six Different TiO<sub>2<\/sub> Nanomaterials on Human Liver HepG2 Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sheau\u2010Fung","family":"Thai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlton P.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Grulke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical &amp; Materials Engineering University of Kentucky  Lexington KY 40506 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin T.","family":"Castellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Crooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk T.","family":"Kitchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park  NC 27711 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2007.11.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2006.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11671-009-9393-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-4-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1414"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2010.2690"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-008-8285-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-007-0253-y"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Studies on liver damage induced by nanosized\u2010titanium dioxide in mouse","volume":"34","author":"Jeon YM","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Environ Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-8-51"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2010.504899"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2011.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn302280n"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2015.9202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2010.539711"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4EN00096J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","article-title":"Determination of metals and trace elements in water and waste by inductively coupled plasma\u2010atomic emission spectrometry. 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