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An LC\u2010MS\/MS approach was employed to explore the endocrine\u2010disrupting effects of TP. The endocrine\u2010disrupting effects of various concentrations (0\u2010100\u2009nM) of TP for 48\u2009hour were firstly investigated using an in vitro model (H295R cell line). It was found that TP did not decrease cell viability. The transcriptional levels of steroidogenic enzymes in H295R cells were assessed by quantificational real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction. The possible adrenal and endocrine effects of oral administration of TP (0, 50, and 500\u2009\u03bcg\/kg) for 28 days on both normal and collagen\u2010induced arthritis (CIA) rats were also explored. The serum and adrenal tissue hormone levels (corticosterone and progesterone) and adrenal histopathology were analyzed, with the results that TP significantly decreased the level of cortisol in H295R cells and the level of plasma corticosterone in both normal and CIA rats. Histological alterations in adrenal cortex were observed at the dose of 500\u2009\u03bcg\/kg. Exposure to TP for 48\u2009hour had an obvious inhibitory effect on the messenger RNA transcript levels of <jats:italic>HSD3B2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP21A2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP17A1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>CYP11B1<\/jats:italic>, which is essential for the synthesis of corticosteroids. In a word, TP leads to the disorder of corticosteroid synthesis and secretion, and corticosteroid may be a potential biomarker for the treatment of multiorgan toxicity of TP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:57:37Z","timestamp":1569545857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Toxic effects of triptolide on adrenal steroidogenesis in H295R cells and female rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Ling\u2010Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sir Run Run Hospital Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing 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