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The results suggest ART causes a significant decrease in serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and serum cystatin C level, showing a protective effect against LPS\u2010induced AKI. This has been further supported by histopathological findings of kidney tissues. The level of tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, interleukin (IL)\u20106, and IL\u20101\u03b2 in serum and kidney tissues was remarkably inhibited by ART in a dose\u2010dependent manner. ART causes a significant reduction of malondialdehyde and increases the activities of glutathione and superoxide dismutase with an increase in dose as compared to the LPS\u2010treated group. Moreover, the ART\u2010treated group showed dose\u2010dependent inhibition of LPS\u2010induced nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB activation and TLR4 expression as confirmed by Western blot analysis. The level of Bcl\u20102 family genes (Bcl\u20102 and Bax) was restored near to normal by ART. Collectively, all the above results indicated that ART had protective effects against LPS\u2010induced AKI by blocking inflammatory and oxidative responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T15:22:05Z","timestamp":1595258525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Local anesthetic articaine ameliorates LPS\u2010induced acute kidney injury via inhibition of NF\u2010\u0138B activation and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Guanjie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology China\u2010Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun Jilin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology China\u2010Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun Jilin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology China\u2010Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun Jilin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7406-7553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodi","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology China\u2010Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun Jilin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2009.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32563-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4755-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010050484"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00344-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA09250G"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-13-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00352.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2011.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.DON.0000125317.21892.8F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2000.0237"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-200409002-00194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"15","volume":"190","author":"Nizharadze N.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Georgian Med. 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