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STS treatment reduced the cardiac infarct size by 75%, injury markers (lactate dehydrogenase: 60%, creatine kinase\u2010muscle\/brain: 44%) release in the blood, maintain\u00a0the heart rate within a normal range (365\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u2009bpm) and minimize\u00a0postinfarction hypertrophic changes in comparison with the ISO group. At the cellular level, the heart from these rats had reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) (25%), caspase\u20109 (60%), and improved mitochondrial function (restored electron transport chain function and copy number) compared to ISO hearts. The brain of STS\u2010treated rats also showed a reduction in ROS (45%), caspase\u20109 (37%), and improved mitochondrial function relative to the brain of the ISO group, particularly limited to the striatum region, and these rats showed improved cognitive ability. Predominantly, the STS treatment reduced the reference memory defects observed in comparison to rats challenged by ISO. Furthermore, elevated circulating mitochondrial DNA and ATP were found in ISO\u2010challenged rats, which indicate the cardiac mitochondria linked damage\u2010associated patterns were restored to the sham level when pretreated with STS. We found increased H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S, a well\u2010known metabolite of STS with a\u00a0neuroprotective role\u00a0in the brain after STS administration, hinting at a possible secondary defense mechanism. In conclusion, the STS mediated cardioprotection and its nootropic effects are primarily mediated via the improvement of mitochondrial function and reduction of oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T13:25:29Z","timestamp":1598880329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Beneficial effect of sodium thiosulfate extends beyond myocardial tissue in isoproterenol model of infarction: Implication for nootropic effects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sriram","family":"Ravindran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Vascular Biology Lab SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senthilkumar","family":"Gopalakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Thanjavur Medical College Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2051-2399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gino A.","family":"Kurian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Vascular Biology Lab SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1606915"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.872"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"316","volume":"11","author":"Leto L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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