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Relapsing\u2013remitting MS (RRMS) is the most common form of MS. Fingolimod (FTY720) is a once\u2010daily disease\u2010modifying agent approved to treat RRMS, and it binds to sphingosine 1\u2010phosphate receptors. Milk thistle (silybum marianum; SM) is an herb generally used to protect the liver with antioxidant and antifibrotic effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of silymarin on reducing liver complications of FTY720 in patients with RRMS and decrease the oxidative stress that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Forty\u2010eight patients with RRMS were divided into two groups using random assignment:\u00a0the placebo and drug\u2010treated groups. Participants of intervention and control groups took FTY720 with silymarin and placebo without silymarin per day for six months. Findings showed a significant reduction in the level of ALT and AST, reduction of main pathogenic factors in MS containing malondialdehyde, and also a significant rise in total antioxidant capacity, and total thiol groups in the serum of patients treated with silymarin as compared with the placebo group. Our outcomes propose the practical effects of silymarin in multiple sclerosis and reduction of hepatic side effects of fingolimod.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T13:49:29Z","timestamp":1619963369000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Antioxidative effects of silymarin on the reduction of liver complications of fingolimod in patients with relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis: A clinical trial study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Masoud","family":"Ghiasian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences  Hamadan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Nafisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences  Hamadan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akram","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences  Hamadan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younes","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Health Hamadan University of Medical Sciences  Hamadan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1211-8132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Ataei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Hamadan University of Medical Sciences  Hamadan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/482139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-014-0264-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/708659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"7165","volume":"10","author":"Binyamin O.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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