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Group I: control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098); Group II: olive oil group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098); Group III: the THQ group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098); THQ 10\u2009mg\/kg per day was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) throughout the experiment; group IV: DOX group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098); On Day 7 of the experiment, a single dose of 15\u2009mg\/kg intraperitoneally DOX injected; group V: DOX\u2009+\u2009THQ group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098); Throughout the experiment, 10\u2009mg\/kg THQ per day and intraperitoneally 15\u2009mg\/kg DOX on Day 7 were injected. Immunohistochemically, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), interleukin\u201017 (IL\u201017), hypoxia\u2010inducible factor 1\u03b1 (HIF1\u2010\u03b1), glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), and the gene inducible by growth arrest and DNA damage 153 (GADD153) proteins were evaluated in the brain cortex, medulla, and hippocampus regions. Total oxidant status (TOS) levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the brain tissue were measured. TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u201017, HIF1\u2010\u03b1, GRP78, and GADD153 immunoreactivities significantly increased in the DOX group in the study. THQ significantly reduced these values. THQ increased the TAS level significantly and decreased the TOS level significantly compared to the DOX group. THQ may play a role as a neuroprotective agent in DOX\u2010induced neurotoxicity in the cortex, medulla, and hippocampus regions of the brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T08:00:45Z","timestamp":1629014445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Thymoquinone has a neuroprotective effect against inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the brain cortex, medulla, and hippocampus due to doxorubicin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3818-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emin","family":"Kaymak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Yozgat Bozok University Yozgat Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1408-8571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Tu\u011frul","family":"Akin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0756-0329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emel","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology\u2010Embryology Department Harran University Harran Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2067-6174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derya","family":"Karabulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1199-2784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurhan","family":"Kulo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5456-4579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birkan","family":"Yakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"309","author":"Dietrich J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"5","volume":"15","author":"Olin J. 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