{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:41:58Z","timestamp":1777462918906,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1504813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1504813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a specific center in the brain that regulates gastric mucosal injury following gastric ischemia\u2011reperfusion (GI\u2010R) injury. This study aimed to investigate whether autophagy\u2010lysosome dysfunction in the PVN tissues of GI\u2010R rats is involved in the gastric injury, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The rat model of GI\u2010R was established by clamping the celiac artery for 30\u2009min and reperfusion for different hours (1, 3, and 6\u2009h). The gastric injury was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining of the stomach\u00a0and the gastric mucosal index. The autophagy\u2013lysosome dysfunction in the PVN was evaluated by the protein levels of LC3 II and Beclin\u20101 (markers for autophagosome activity) and the activity of acid phosphatase (a representative lysosomal enzyme). Immunohistochemical staining of ionized calcium\u2010binding adaptor molecule 1 in the PVN was performed to evaluate microglial activation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and phosphorylated \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid B receptor (p\u2010GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>R) expression in the PVN were also examined. The results revealed that, in GI\u2010R rats, the shorter the reperfusion duration, the more severe the gastric mucosal damage. The autophagy\u2013lysosome dysfunction exhibited by GI\u2010R rats further enhanced microglial activation, ROS production, p\u2010GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>R expression, and gastric injury. In addition, activating microglial cells increased ROS production, p\u2010GABA<jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub>R expression, and gastric injury in GI\u2010R rats,\u00a0while inhibiting microglial activation resulted in the opposite results. Taken together, autophagy\u2013lysosome dysfunction induced by GI\u2010R aggravated the gastric injury by inducing microglia activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T08:35:07Z","timestamp":1637310907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Autophagy\u2010lysosome dysfunction is involved in gastric ischemia\u2011reperfusion injury by promoting microglial activation in the paraventricular nucleus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Aiqin","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Huaihe Hospital Henan University Kaifeng Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peijian","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaoyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiping","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2419-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junfang","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"39","volume":"53","author":"Kwiecie\u0144 S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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