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Due to its ability to cause mutations in the spermatogonial stem cells and spermatids, melphalan can exert a negative impact on male reproductive health in young cancer survivors. \u03b2\u2010aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), a myokine released by skeletal muscles, has been reported to have beneficial effects in diabetic nephropathy, cardiomyopathy and hepatic toxicity. However, the exact role of BAIBA in chemotherapy\u2010induced germ cell toxicity is still unexplored. The present study aims to determine the dose\u2010dependent (25, 50, and 100\u2009mg\/kg) effects of BAIBA on melphalan\u2010induced (1.5\u2009mg\/kg) germ cell toxicity in sprague\u2212dawley (SD) rats. The evaluation parameters included quantification of oxidative stress biomarkers, sperm count, sperm motility and head morphology, sperm and testicular DNA damage, sperm mitochondrial membrane potential, ultrastructural changes in sperms, histological and protein expression studies in testes. Melphalan treatment significantly altered all the above\u2010mentioned parameters and the high dose (100\u2009mg\/kg) of BAIBA restored melphalan\u2010induced toxicity in a significant manner by exerting antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. However, the medium dose (50\u2009mg\/kg) of BAIBA decreased the toxicity of melphalan and the low dose (25\u2009mg\/kg) of BAIBA failed to counteract the melphalan\u2010induced male germ cell toxicity as well as the peripheral blood micronucleus induction. The antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory and antiapoptotic role of BAIBA in melphalan\u2010induced gonadal damage is a novel finding in an experimental rat model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.23374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,22]],"date-time":"2023-04-22T06:29:45Z","timestamp":1682144985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Melphalan induced germ cell toxicity and dose\u2010dependent effects of \u03b2\u2010aminoisobutyric acid in experimental rat model: Role of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Archna","family":"Panghal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research S.A.S Nagar Punjab 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