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To induce DM, 60\u2009mg\/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) in citrate buffer was injected intraperitoneally into Sprague\u2010Dawley rats. After successful modeling of DM, wire injury of the rat carotid artery was performed, followed by adenovirus transduction. Levels of blood glucose and Th17 cell surface antigens including ROR\u2010\u03b3t, IL\u201017A, IL\u201017F, IL\u201022, and IL\u201023 in perivascular adipose tissues (PVAT) were evaluated. For in vitro analysis, human dendritic cells (DCs) were treated with 5.6\u221225\u2009mM glucose for 24\u2009h. The morphology of DCs was observed using an optical microscope. CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cocultured with DCs for 5 days. Levels of IL\u20106, CTSS, ROR\u2010\u03b3t, IL\u201017A, IL\u201017F, IL\u201022 and IL\u201023 were measured. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect DC surface biomarkers (CD1a, CD83, and CD86) and Th17 cell differentiation. The collected DCs presented a treelike shape and were positive for CD1a, CD83, and CD86. Glucose impaired DC viability at the dose of 35\u2009mM. Glucose treatment led to an increase in CTSS and IL\u20106 expression in DCs. Glucose\u2010treated DCs promoted the differentiation of Th17 cells. CTSS depletion downregulated IL\u20106 expression and inhibited Th17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. CTSS inhibition in DCs inhibits Th17 cell differentiation in PVAT tissues from diabetic rats following vascular injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.23419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T09:09:24Z","timestamp":1687338564000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cathepsin S inhibition in dendritic cells prevents Th17 cell differentiation in perivascular adipose tissues following vascular injury in diabetic rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9012-5514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyu","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changjiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zichao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songyuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.310221"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-00425-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042551"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"187","volume":"16","author":"Lee C. 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