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The incorporation of the antioxidant element selenium (Se) in the structure of pyridinium salts has been used as a strategy in chemical synthesis and can be useful in drug development. We investigated the antioxidant activity of Se\u2010containing pyridinium salts (named Compounds <jats:bold>3A<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>3B<\/jats:bold>, and <jats:bold>3C<\/jats:bold>) through in vitro tests. We focused our study on liver protein carbonylation, liver lipoperoxidation, free radical scavenging activity (1,1\u2010diphenyl\u20102\u2010picryl\u2010hydrazil [DPPH]; 2,2\u2032\u2010azinobis(3\u2010ethylbenzothiazoline\u20106\u2010sulfonic acid [ABTS]), and enzyme\u2010mimetic activity assays (glutathione S\u2010transferase [GST]\u2010like; superoxide dismutase [SOD]\u2010like). In addition, 2\u2010(4\u2010chlorophenyl)\u20102\u2010oxoethyl)\u20102\u2010((phenylselanyl)methyl)pyridin\u20101\u2010ium bromide (<jats:bold>3C<\/jats:bold>) was selected to evaluate the acute oral toxicity in mice due to the best antioxidant profile. The three compounds were effective in reducing the levels of protein carbonylation and lipoperoxidation in the liver in a \u00b5M concentration range. All compounds demonstrated scavenger activity of DPPH and ABTS radicals, and GST\u2010like action. No significant effects were detected in the SOD\u2010like assay. Experimental data also showed that the acute oral treatment of mice with Compound <jats:bold>3C<\/jats:bold> (50 and 300\u2009mg\/kg) did not cause mortality or change markers of liver and kidney functions. In summary, our findings reveal the antioxidant potential of Se\u2010containing pyridinium salts in liver tissue, which could be related to their radical scavenging ability and mimetic action on the GST enzyme. They also demonstrate a low toxicity potential for Compound <jats:bold>3C<\/jats:bold>. Together, the promising results open space for future studies on the therapeutic application of these molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.23535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T03:16:32Z","timestamp":1694747792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bioactivity of selenium\u2010containing pyridinium salts: Prospecting future pharmaceutical constituents to treat liver diseases involving oxidative stress"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Ediandra T.","family":"Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica e Bioprospec\u00e7\u00e3o, Laborat\u00f3rio de Bioqu\u00edmica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM) Centro de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas, Farmac\u00eauticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA) Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) Pelotas 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