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However, the specific role of exosomes in ALI remains largely unexplored. In investigation, we demonstrated that exosomes released from cigarette smoke extract (CSE)\u2010exposed bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS\u20102B) facilitated M1 macrophage polarization. Notably, CSE exposure enhanced the production of miR\u2010107 within these exosomes. Inhibition of miR\u2010107 markedly reversed the M1 macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses in vitro and ameliorated lung injury in vivo. Furthermore, exosomal miR\u2010107 was found to downregulate KLF4, thereby promoting M1 macrophage polarization and inflammation of macrophages. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CSE\u2010exposed BEAS\u20102B cells could induce M1 macrophage polarization via transmitting exosomal miR\u2010107, and eventually ultimately contributing to the progression of ALI, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T05:42:41Z","timestamp":1739770961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exosomal miR\u2010107 Derived From Cigarette Smoking\u2010Exposed Bronchial Epithelial Cells Aggravates Acute Lung Injury by Polarizing Macrophage to Proinflammatory Phenotype"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang 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