{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T18:36:25Z","timestamp":1783017385290,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resveratrol (RES), extracted from traditional Chinese medicinal plants, demonstrates notable potential in managing autoimmune diseases by modulating multiple pathways and targeting various immune cell subsets with minimal adverse effects. Current treatments for a novel form of myasthenia gravis (MG) face challenges such as inconsistent efficacy and numerous side effects. The exact mechanisms by which RES affects MG progression remain unclear. To investigate RES's impact on MG, an experimental model was created using <jats:italic>Lewis female mice<\/jats:italic> immunized with an antigenic emulsion from the 97\u2013116 region of the <jats:italic>rat AChR alpha subunit<\/jats:italic> (R97\u2010116 peptide). RES was administered orally in varying doses. Following treatment, the experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) model was assessed through several metrics, including EAMG score, autoantibody levels, and antibody affinity via ELISA. Network pharmacology was employed to construct the RES action pathway. Validation of RES effects on immune cell pathways in immune organs was performed using Western blot, real\u2010time PCR, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry, with dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro confirming the pathway. Flow cytometry was used for immunophenotyping. RES mitigated EAMG clinical symptoms and reduced both autoantibody content and affinity in serum. Network pharmacology identified the Foxo1\/Foxp3 pathway as integral to RES's therapeutic effects on MG. In the RES\u2010treated group, Foxo1 and Foxp3 expression levels were elevated in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus. In vitro experiments indicated decreased Foxp3 expression following Foxo1 inhibition in DCs. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in regulatory DCs, reduced DC activation, and diminished lymphocyte proliferation stimulation. Concurrently, Treg levels increased while germinal center B cells decreased. RES can serve as a potential drug for the treatment of MG, as it can regulate DC cells and other immune cells by affecting the Foxo1\/Foxp3 pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T15:30:39Z","timestamp":1745335839000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Resveratrol\u2014A Herbal Immunomodulator, Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis by Regulating the Foxo1\u2010Foxp3 Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6554-8138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heyun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunan","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyue","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Clinical Medical College Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JND-210637"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.18.2.152"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"1864","article-title":"The Impact of Physical Therapy on Functional Outcomes in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis","volume":"100","author":"Jones R.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics of Elderly\u2010Onset Myasthenia Gravis: A Retrospective Study","volume":"15","author":"Lee S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","article-title":"Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in Myasthenia Gravis","volume":"12","author":"Yang L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in 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