{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T04:31:54Z","timestamp":1794025914739,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Diclofenac (DCL) is a broadly prescribed non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug (NSAID) for pain management and has been linked to nephrotoxicity despite its therapeutic benefits. This study provides new insights into the palliative impacts of chrysin (CH) against DCL\u2010induced kidney damage by modulating oxidative injury, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. The rats were divided into five groups: the control group (Group 1), CH\u2010only group (50\u2009mg\/kg, Group 2), DCL\u2010only group (50\u2009mg\/kg, Group 3), DCL\u2009+\u2009CH (25\u2009mg\/kg, Group 4), and DCL\u2009+\u2009CH (50\u2009mg\/kg, Group 5). DCL injection led to significant renal damage marked by elevated serum urea, creatinine and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase). The mRNA expression levels of\n                    <jats:italic>Ho\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Nrf2<\/jats:italic>\n                    were also suppressed. Additionally, DCL treatment triggered apoptosis as evidenced by increased expression of\n                    <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>caspase\u20103<\/jats:italic>\n                    alongside decreased\n                    <jats:italic>Bcl\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression. Furthermore, DCL induced ER stress was confirmed by upregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>Perk<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Ire1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Atf\u20106<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Grp78<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription levels. Also, it was demonstrated that DCL treatment upregulated\n                    <jats:italic>Mmp2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Mmp9<\/jats:italic>\n                    levels. Treatment with CH significantly mitigated these adverse effects suggesting that CH effectively protects DCL\u2010induced kidney toxicity by targeting multiple pathways. In summary, this study highlights the importance of CH as a promising therapeutic agent for alleviating kidney damage associated with DCL toxicity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T03:11:04Z","timestamp":1750302664000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Protective Effects of Chrysin Against Diclofenac\u2010Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5608-554X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cuneyt","family":"Caglayan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik \u015eeyh Edebali University Bilecik T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0418-6773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130zzettin","family":"Ekinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vocational School of Health Services Bingol University Bingol T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6775-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cihan","family":"Gur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services Atat\u00fcrk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6801-6242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adnan","family":"Ayna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature Bingol University Bingol T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130brahim","family":"Bayav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine Pamukkale University Denizli T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih Mehmet","family":"Kandemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Aksaray University Aksaray T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2020.114147"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-99855-0.00004-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.23582"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000536423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ajfm.2024.333661"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.211"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46040181"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crphar.2023.100167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13080922"},{"issue":"363","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"2015","article-title":"Drug\u2010Induced Liver Toxicity and Prevention by Herbal Antioxidants: An Overview","volume":"6","author":"Singh D.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13060751"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07928-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2020.1801775"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01741-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm85010004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37212\/jcnos.1573097"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-020-02268-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/34.3.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(76)90747-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(68)90092-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(66)90167-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O. 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