{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T19:42:42Z","timestamp":1776022962066,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Phenoxyethanol is widely used as a preservative in many cosmetic products and is considered to be safe. although there are some toxicity studies on phenoxyethanol, no detailed research evaluating its genotoxicity in human lymphocytes is available in the literature. This study aims to assess phenoxyethanol\u2032s cytotoxic and genotoxic profiles in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. For evaluation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of phenoxyethanol, chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) tests were applied In both tests, lymphocyte cultures were treated with three concentrations (50, 25, 12.5\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) of phenoxyethanol and control groups (solvent, positive and negative controls). When examining the results of the chromosomal aberration test (CA) and the micronucleus test (MN), no significant differences were observed between the solvent control group and the application concentrations in either test. For the evaluation of cytotoxicity, mitotic index results showed a significant decrease at higher doses (50 and 25\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) compared to the solvent control. In conclusion, phenoxyethanol did not exhibit genotoxic effects (clastogenic and aneugenic) on human peripheral lymphocyte cells at the applied doses, although it did show a slight cytotoxic effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T11:21:20Z","timestamp":1753960880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Phenoxyethanol in Human Lymphocytes: A Commonly Used Preservative in Cosmetics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5860-2439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130kbal Hesna","family":"Kara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Sakarya University  Sakarya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8456-3502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Sakarya University  Sakarya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4350-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guncha","family":"Meredova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences D\u00fczce University  D\u00fczce Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2442-6439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Sakarya University  Sakarya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15944"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12071076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2018.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765x.1994.tb00820.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jfbc\/7455954"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"ECHA. \u201cOpinion on the Application for Approval of the Active Substance: 2\u2010Phenoxyethanol \u201d Product type: 1. Helsinki Finland 2018. Report No.: ECHA\/BPC\/190\/2018. URLhttps:\/\/echa.europa.eu\/documents\/10162\/13ad12c5-feea-c686-2e0c-84722c8d287d."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12822"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety). \u201cOpinion on Phenoxyethanol\u201d 16 March2016 final version of 6 October 2016. SCCS\/1575\/16 URLhttps:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/scientific_committees\/consumer_safety\/docs\/sccs_o_195.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"Les produits cosm\u00e9tiques non rinc\u00e9s contenant du ph\u00e9noxy\u00e9thanol ne doivent pas \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s sur les fesses des enfants de 3 ans ou moins 2019 ANSM"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.110629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.03.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"R.Ben\u2010Dyke \u201cPhenoxetol: Toxicity in Oral Administration to Rats For Thirteen Weeks \u201d Life Science Research (1977): Report No.: 77\/NLL5\/375. Owner company: Nipa Laboratories and The Dow Chemical Company. 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