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This study looked into how lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010induced neuroinflammation was affected in vivo by the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor 4\u2010methylthiazole derivative compound (MET). A total of 40 male\n                    <jats:italic>Sprague Dawley<\/jats:italic>\n                    rats were separated into five groups. To demonstrate the neuroinflammatory damage induced by LPS and to evaluate the mechanism of action of MET; pro\u2010 and anti\u2010inflammatory cytokines, enzymes with inflammatory activity and brain\u2010derived markers were evaluated. The efficacy of the MET compound was also compared with one of the reference drugs, the nonselective COX inhibitor indomethacin (INDO). Biochemical, molecular and histopathological analyses revealed that LPS induced severe neuroinflammation in rat brains. MET compound was observed to suppress neuroinflammation through different pathways. Especially when TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106 and IL\u201010 results were compared with INDO, anti\u2010inflammatory activity was found to be high. Our results revealed that MET compound may suppress LPS\u2010induced neuroinflammation via COX enzyme inhibition as well as downregulation of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines and M1 phenotype microglia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T18:14:21Z","timestamp":1763576061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor 4\u2010Methylthiazole Derivative Compound Alleviates Lipopolysaccharides\u2010Induced Neuroinflammation in Male Rats With Regulating Cytokine Levels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2134-4067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezgi","family":"Kar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences Kutahya Health Sciences University Kutahya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zkan","family":"Alata\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8356-9806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih","family":"Kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Kutahya Health Sciences University Kutahya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0957-6044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyla","family":"Yurtta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskisehir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8651-826X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asaf Evrim","family":"Evren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskisehir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halide Edip","family":"Temel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskisehir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek Buruko\u011flu","family":"D\u00f6nmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3617"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-74"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Neuroinflammatory Responses to Traumatic Brain Injury: Etiology, Clinical Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities","volume":"11","author":"Lozano D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-015-0332-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00056"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.1632604.302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/684501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2016.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-016-0283-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.768108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b12-00393"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide Endotoxemia Induces amyloid\u2010\u03b2 and p\u2010tau Formation in the Rat Brain.","volume":"8","author":"Wang L. 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