{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:57:13Z","timestamp":1790996233244,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Colistin (CST) is an effective antibiotic that decreases the mortality rates accompanying nosocomial infection with multidrug\u2010resistant resistant bacteria. However, its use is limited because of the high potential of inducing severe nephrotoxicity. Celastrol (CELA) is a medicinally promising triterpenoid and the most abundant bioactive constituent of the root pulps of the widely used Chinese herb,\n                    <jats:italic>Tripterygium wilfordii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . CELA confers cellular protection because of its antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. The current study aimed to investigate the potential nephroprotective effects of CELA against CST\u2010induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were divided into five groups, and treated as follows: Group One received vehicles only; Group Two received CELA only; Group Three received CST only and Groups Four and Five received CST and CELA (0.5 or 1\u2009mg\/kg). Microscopical examination of H&amp;E\u2010stained kidney sections indicated that CST\u2010only\u2010treated animals exhibited distortion in the renal histological features; Also, Masson's trichrome, Picrosirius Red, and Periodic acid\u2013Schiff staining highlighted fibrotic changes. This was associated with increased kidney serum markers (urea, creatinine, and cystatin C), induced oxidative stress (increased levels of MDA, decreased activities of SOD and CAT, and reduced the protein levels of Nrf\u20102 and HO\u20101), increased the immunoreactivity of the inflammatory markers (COX\u20102, iNOS, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and NF\u2010\u03baB), and stimulated apoptosis (increased the transcription of\n                    <jats:italic>Bax<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>CASP3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and decreased that of\n                    <jats:italic>Bcl\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). In contrast, pretreatment with CELA significantly reduced the histopathological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Therefore, CELA showed significant renal protection against CST\u2010induced kidney injury.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T09:10:01Z","timestamp":1765530601000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Celastrol Mitigates Colistin\u2010Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats via Modulating Nrf\u20102\/HO\u20101 and NF\u2010\u03baB Signaling Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4755-0742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Z.","family":"Nasrullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usama A.","family":"Fahmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D department Alkamal Import Office Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf B.","family":"Abdel\u2010Naim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmoiz Y.","family":"Babekir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine and Adult Critical Care Ibn Sina National College Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amro H.","family":"Alhothaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unm Alqura University Medical Clinic Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amar M.","family":"Elmesilhy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care Anglia Ruskin University Chelmsford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawan S.","family":"Albalawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Medical City Madinah Health Cluster Madinah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Hofni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Qena University Qena Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/429323"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJANTIMICAG.2006.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000442786"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CMI.2020.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560903334185"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/CID\/CIR611"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599225"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/CC3995"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000363495"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJANTIMICAG.2005.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/PH15070782"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00343-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10620-007-9747-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS151222227"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","first-page":"2666","article-title":"Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Activities of Triptolide (PG490), a Natural Product Entering Clinical Trials, on Primary Cultures of Human Prostatic Epithelial Cells","volume":"8","author":"Kiviharju T. 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