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This study aimed to evaluate potential effects of Saxagliptin (Sax), a DPP\u20104 enzyme inhibitor, on in vitro and in vivo models of DN. Dorsal root ganglion neurons isolated from 1 to 2\u2010day\u2010old\n                    <jats:italic>Wistar Albino<\/jats:italic>\n                    rats were exposed to a high\u2010glucose environment for 24\u2009h to induce in vitro DN model. In this model, effects of Sax on cell viability and associated intracellular signaling pathways were investigated. In the in vivo model, streptozotocin\u2010induced diabetic mice were divided into four groups: control, DN, DN+Sax\u20102, DN+Sax\u201010 (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910). For 15 days, DN group received 0.9% isotonic sodium chloride, while DN+Sax\u20102 and DN+Sax\u201010 groups were administered Sax orally via gavage at doses of 2 and 10\u2009mg\/kg, respectively, with concurrent nociceptive behavioral testing. At end of experiment, animals were decapitated, biochemical and histological analyses were performed on collected blood and pancreatic tissues. Sax, significantly increased cell viability via phosphoinositide 3\u2010kinase pathway (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Compared to DN group, Sax\u2010treated groups showed improvements in mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia; increased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, total antioxidant status, interleukin\u201010; decreased levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin\u20101\u03b2, interleukin\u20106 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Additionally, caspase\u20103 expression in pancreatic tissue was suppressed, and histopathological damage was markedly reduced (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). These findings suggest that Sax suppresses inflammation, inhibits oxidative damage and apoptosis, thereby reducing hyperalgesia, and may have therapeutic effects against DN.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T07:48:52Z","timestamp":1766044132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Investigation of the Effects of Saxagliptin in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Diabetic Neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4549-4388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samet","family":"Oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Vocational School of Health Services Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Osmaniye 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