{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:25:14Z","timestamp":1777868714336,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32273088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32273088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Mercuric chloride (HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) is an environmental pollutant with neurotoxicity. The blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) serves as a critical protective interface, shielding the brain from exposure to heavy metals and maintaining neurological homeostasis. Ferroptosis, a programmed cell death initiated by iron\u2010dependent lipid peroxidation, was recently reported to be associated with various neurological disorders. Nevertheless, the relationship between HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010induced neurotoxicity, BBB dysfunction, and ferroptosis remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of embryonic exposure to HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (35, 50, and 65\u2009\u03bcg\/kg) on brain tissue and the underlying mechanisms. These results demonstrated that HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure induced brain injury by compromising BBB integrity. Intriguingly, we identified ferroptosis as a central mechanism contributing to this damage, supported by the observation of mitochondrial abnormalities. Moreover, HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure induced oxidative stress, characterized by a decrease in antioxidant capacity and an increase in lipid peroxidation. Further studies revealed increased total iron level and dysregulation of iron metabolism\u2010related proteins. It can be concluded that HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure disrupted BBB integrity, promoted iron overload\u2010mediated oxidative stress, initiated ferroptosis, and ultimately exacerbated brain injury in embryos. These findings highlight the critical role of ferroptosis in HgCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010induced neurotoxicity and offer novel mechanistic insights that may inform future strategies for preventing or treating heavy metal\u2010related neurological disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T04:51:19Z","timestamp":1767934279000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mercuric Chloride\u2010Mediated Neurotoxicity in Chicken Embryos: Disruption of the Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Integrity and Iron Overload\u2010Induced Ferroptosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hong\u2010Yu","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an Shandong 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