{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T03:14:09Z","timestamp":1787886849555,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005712","name":"University of Jordan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005712","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic medication that has many limitations in its therapeutic use due to poor aqueous solubility and low plasma half\u2010life. These disadvantages result in inefficient glycemic regulation and a high frequency of dosing. To develop and test different mesoporous silica nanocarriers (MSN), especially Santa Barbara Amorphous\u201015 (SBA\u201015), to deliver glipizide continuously and enhance the overall therapeutic effects on diabetic mice. Nano\u2010mesoporous carriers (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 [MCM\u201041], SBA\u201015, and Hollow Mesoporous Nanoparticles [HMNs]) were synthesized and loaded with glipizide. After assessing drug encapsulation efficiency, SBA\u201015 was selected as the model for our study. SBA\u201015 and SBA\u201015 with surface\u2010modified amine groups were characterized using zeta potential, Fourier\u2010transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning microscopy (SEM), and X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD). In vivo evaluation of SBA\u201015 loaded with glipizide was conducted using streptozotocin\u2010induced diabetic mice to measure glucose and insulin levels. Glipizide entrapment was highest in SBA\u201015 compared to other nano\u2010mesoporous carriers. The high surface area, large pore diameter, and uniform morphology were confirmed by characterization, which facilitates efficient loading of drugs and stable amorphous dispersion of glipizide. In vitro dissolution revealed that there was a high pH dependence: at gastric pH (1.0), SBA\u201015\/glipizide released approximately 25% at 2\u2009h, and with further release thereafter, whilst at intestinal pH (7.4) it released approximately 90% at 2\u2009h, and sustained release thereafter. Furthermore, the study on streptozotocin\u2010induced diabetic mice showed that SBA\u201015 loaded with glipizide significantly reduced glucose levels and enhanced insulin release over 48\u2009h compared to glipizide alone. SBA\u201015 is a viable nanocarrier of glipizide that offers high encapsulation efficiency, good physicochemical characteristics, and long\u2010term pH\u2010dependent release, resulting in long\u2010term therapy. This intervention has the potential to improve diabetes management and patient adherence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T23:49:49Z","timestamp":1773013789000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sustained Glipizide Release and Enhanced Hypoglycemia With Nano\u2010Mesoporous SBA\u201015 in Diabetic Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2072-2441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moath","family":"Alqaraleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences Al\u2011Balqa Applied University Al\u2011Salt Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frezah","family":"Muhana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Shakya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El\u2010Tanani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy The RAK Medical &amp; Health Sciences Ras Al Khimah UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fawwaz","family":"Khalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, School of Science The University of Jordan Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Al\u2010Sanabrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Alkhrissat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abeer","family":"Malhis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, School of Science The University of Jordan Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akram","family":"Kadhim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaseen T.","family":"Al Qaisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Mutah University Al\u2010Karak Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad Z.","family":"Alsarayreh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Mutah University Al\u2010Karak Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Khleifat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Mutah University Al\u2010Karak Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad Ak","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2185-3610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bassam","family":"El\u2010Eswed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zarqa University College Al\u2010Balqa Applied University Zarqa Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afos.2016.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530323666230522112758"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/41.6.295"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MA00627H"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2211738507666190319124513"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X132613"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20902\/IJCTR.2018.110902"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/apb.2021.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010227"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14050985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr7110805"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11060269"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MA00094F"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MA00159H"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jssc.2023.124214"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"Preparation, Characterization and Optimization of Glipizide Controlled Release Nanoparticles","volume":"9","author":"Emami J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14040826"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21217899"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12050791"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Ghosh B.Chowdhury andA. J. C.Bhaumik \u201cSynthesis of Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanospheroids With O\/W Emulsion and Al (III) Incorporation and Its Catalytic Activity for the Synthesis of 5\u2010HMF From Carbohydrates \u201d13 no.2(2023):354.","DOI":"10.3390\/catal13020354"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16030337"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.123604"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.Baeckmann von R.Guillet\u2010Nicolas D.Renfer H.Ka\u0308hlig andF.Kleitz \u201cA Toolbox for the Synthesis of Multifunctionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications \u201d 12 no. 3 (2018): 17496\u201317510.","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.8b02784"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13101607"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/25\/5\/055701"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00219J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-011-9772-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2010.010090"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","first-page":"477","article-title":"Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Glipizide in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Mice","volume":"15","author":"Fatima A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14112338"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","first-page":"247","volume-title":"Analysis of Silicones","author":"Anderson D.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2015.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-016-0061-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Febvay D. M.Marini A. M.Belcher andD.Clapham \u201cTargeted Cytosolic Delivery of Cell\u2010Impermeable Compounds by Nanoparticle\u2010Mediated Light\u2010Triggered Endosome Disruption \u201d10 no.6(2010):2211\u20132219.","DOI":"10.1021\/nl101157z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201402145"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms16048070"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm203000u"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X.She L.Chen C.Li C.He L.He andKong \u201cFunctionalization of Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Improved 5\u2010FU Loading \u201d 1 no. 16 (2015): 1108\u2013108.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/872035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14237345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn103130q"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-973X.153381"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10217533"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13060889"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14010125"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.12.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1876402910666181116114358"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2009.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10020057"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26599\/NBE.2024.9290076"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm203000u"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12050432"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-024-01537-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1679-45082011ao2162"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbt.70759","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbt.70759","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbt.70759","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T10:02:02Z","timestamp":1773914522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbt.70759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbt.70759"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbt.70759","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1095-6670","1099-0461"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1095-6670","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0461","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70759"}}