{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T06:47:40Z","timestamp":1782110860150,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration, alpha\u2010synuclein (\u03b1\u2010Syn) accumulation, and neuroinflammation. The NOD\u2010Like Receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 NLRP3 inflammasome has recently been identified as a central mediator of PD\u2010associated inflammatory responses. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non\u2010psychoactive phytocannabinoid, exhibits anti\u2010inflammatory and neuroprotective properties; however, its effects on NLRP3 inflammasome in PD remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of CBD\u2010rich oil against 1\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and manganese\u2010induced neurotoxicity in SH\u2010SY5Y cells. Cells were exposed to these substances with or without CBD co\u2010treatment, and cell viability, \u03b1\u2010Syn, dopamine, inflammatory markers [C reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 18 (IL\u201018)], and NLRP3 expressions were evaluated. MPP+ and manganese exposures significantly decreased cell viability and dopamine levels while increasing \u03b1\u2010Syn accumulation and inflammatory markers. Manganese induced an approximately twofold upregulation in\n                    <jats:italic>NLRP3<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA and 1.5\u2010fold increase in protein expression. CBD co\u2010treatment preserved dopamine levels, attenuated \u03b1\u2010Syn accumulation, reduced IL\u201018 and CRP concentrations, and attenuated NLRP3 expression. These findings demonstrate that CBD\u2010rich oil exerts neuroprotective effects in a PD cellular model by attenuating \u03b1\u2010Syn accumulation, preserving dopamine homeostasis, which is associated with reduced NLRP3 expression and potential modulation of inflammasome\u2010related signaling, supporting further investigation of CBD as a potential therapeutic strategy for PD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.70957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T15:20:37Z","timestamp":1781018437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cannabidiol Protects Against 1\u2010Methyl\u20104\u2010Phenylpyridinium and Manganese\u2010Induced Neurotoxicity via Nod\u2010Like Receptor Protein 3 Inflammasome Suppression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2994-5505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6ksun","family":"Demirel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology \u00c7ukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An\u0131l","family":"Yir\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology \u00c7ukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz Arca","family":"\u00c7akir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Vaccine Technology Hacettepe University Vaccine Institute Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5753-8985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"\u00d6zkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Hatay Mustafa Kemal University  Hatay Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berfu \u015eura","family":"G\u00fcne\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology \u00c7ukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy Adana Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selen","family":"Selvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology \u00c7ukurova University Faculty of Pharmacy Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeter EROL.","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Council of Forensic Medicine Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4713-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u0131nar","family":"Erkeko\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Vaccine Technology Hacettepe University Vaccine Institute Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30230-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-011-9581-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-023-00378-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01353-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071687"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16060883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(99)80023-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1178448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-223290"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7272"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1306.009"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Occupational Exposure to Manganese, Copper, Lead, Iron, Mercury and Zinc and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease","volume":"20","author":"Gorell J. 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