{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:15:15Z","timestamp":1790079315409,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Glyphosate (GLY) is a widely used herbicide active ingredient applied in agricultural, residential, and public areas. Although the European Chemicals Agency has stated that current evidence is insufficient to classify GLY as an endocrine disruptor, increasing experimental data indicate that GLY may induce organ toxicity. This study aimed to investigate glyphosate\u2010induced liver toxicity and to evaluate the potential protective effects of eugenol in a rat model. Eugenol is a phenolic compound predominantly found in clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) and is known for its antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic properties. It is classified as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) and non\u2010mutagenic by the World Health Organization. Thirty\u2010five male rats were randomly assigned to five groups: Control, EU\u2010100, GLY, GLY\u2009+\u2009EU\u201050, and GLY\u2009+\u2009EU\u2010100. All treatments were administered orally by gavage. Oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase), liver enzyme activities (ALT, AST, and ALP), and the expression of genes involved in antioxidant defense, apoptosis, and inflammation (HO\u20101, Nrf2, CAT, GPx, Bax, Caspase\u20103, Bcl\u20102, COX\u20102, NF\u2010\u03baB, IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IL\u20101\u03b2) were analyzed. Short\u2010term GLY exposure resulted in oxidative imbalance, inflammatory activation, and apoptosis in hepatic tissue. Eugenol administration significantly alleviated these alterations by enhancing antioxidant defenses, activating the Nrf2\/HO\u20101 signaling pathway, and suppressing pro\u2010inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that eugenol may represent a promising natural hepatoprotective agent against glyphosate\u2010induced liver toxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.71014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:01:01Z","timestamp":1782975661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hepatoprotective Potential of Eugenol Against Pesticide Glyphosate\u2010Induced Liver Injury via Nrf2\/HO\u20101 Signaling and Modulation of Apoptosis and Inflammation in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1685-0803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Aktas Senocak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Horasan Vocational College Ataturk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omercan","family":"Alat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ataturk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1398-7046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismail","family":"Bolat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Atat\u00fcrk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5701-3684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burak Batuhan","family":"Lacin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Atat\u00fcrk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4116-6720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samet","family":"Tekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Atat\u00fcrk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asl\u0131han","family":"Atasever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, \u00c7ay\u0131rl\u0131 Vocational High School Erzincan University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve","family":"Bolat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Atat\u00fcrk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mesut Bunyami","family":"Halici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ataturk University Erzurum T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"PI232","volume-title":"Gainesville (FL): Agronomy Department","author":"Fishel F. 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