{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T09:08:19Z","timestamp":1789549699947,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biochem &amp;amp; Molecular Tox"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In tune with the light\/dark cycle of the environment, melatonin is secreted on a circadian rhythm. After the lights go out, circulating melatonin levels gradually rise and peak in the middle of the dark phase. Herein, we studied the possible protective timing of melatonin administration on monosodium glutamate\u2010induced cerebellar ataxia in rat models. Thirty\u2010two adult albino male were randomly categorized into four groups: control group, MSG group (4\u2009g\/kg\/day), day\u2010time melatonin group (MSG\u2009+\u2009melatonin, 10\u2009mg\/kg\/day at 9.00\u2009a.m.), and night\u2010time melatonin group (MSG\u2009+\u2009melatonin, 10\u2009mg\/kg\/day at 9.00\u2009p.m.). After 10 days of injections, behavioral assessments and serum melatonin were measured. Then rats were sacrificed, cerebellar immunohistopathology, oxidative stress (GPX, GR, NO, iNOS), gene expression of pro\u2010inflammatory genes (PI3K, TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106) and antioxidant genes (NRF2\/HO\u20101) were assessed. Administration of MSG significantly caused motor deficits, increased levels of NO, INOS, PI3K, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IL\u20106 levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), while significantly decreased GPX, GR, NRF2\/HO\u20101, and serum melatonin level (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Histological analysis revealed that MSG exerted degenerative effects, including the presence of pyknotic Purkinje cells, with strong positive reactions for COX2. However, melatonin administration improved these parameters in both treated groups with the superiority of the night melatonin in improving motor behaviors, histological parameters, decreasing COX2 levels, INOS, PI3K, and increasing the expression of NRF2 levels, and increasing the serum melatonin levels. Night\u2010time melatonin administration was more effective in protection against motor incoordination and cerebellar damage than day\u2010melatonin administration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.71108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:30:20Z","timestamp":1789453820000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Differential Impact of Melatonin Timing Administration (Day vs. Night) on Mitigating Cerebellar Damage Caused by Monosodium Glutamate in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Alaa Gamal","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1852-4374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noha M.","family":"Abd El\u2010Fadeal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies Jeddah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Horeya Erfan Korayem","family":"Arafat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Cell Biology Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalia Ibrahim","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1547-1588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasha","family":"Atta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21061948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-025-11735-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2022.102071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/besps.2024.319520.1176"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5513\/JCEA01\/24.3.3940"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-023-02939-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci11070310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1332567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24033022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-022-03723-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14030356"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.1111.BJR-2022-0017.R2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ZUMJ.2019.27410"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12993-025-00271-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1016312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2021.1966025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2022.12699"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8994-2_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/59027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12477-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2023.294167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070760"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/360379"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112979"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000524394"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2018025666"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2019.1642532"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2014.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01913123.2023.2175943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17083"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","first-page":"74","article-title":"Effect of Monosodium Glutamate and L\u2010Carnitine on Density and Structure of Granular Cells of Cerebellum in Rat","volume":"21","author":"Fattahzadeh M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623310389621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfl198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-009-0470-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.112983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-23954-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16583655.2023.2244749"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/jmals.2022.264345"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089771502753754091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161208784480144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1218553"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2017.4097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14070819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0275"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44323-024-00007-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbj.2016.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.4156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55663-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4149\/gpb_2017050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jasi.jasi_172_24"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S509735"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202409_36785"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27082515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32794\/MR11250084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18040759"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819975-6.00021-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbt.71108","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbt.71108","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbt.71108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T08:42:39Z","timestamp":1789548159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbt.71108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbt.71108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbt.71108","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1095-6670","1099-0461"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1095-6670","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0461","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71108"}}