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This article reviews emerging concepts of HIV associated microangiopathies. It concludes that the pathophysiology, in many cases seems to be distinct from idiopathic TTP (particularly with advanced HIV disease\u2014&lt;100 CD4\/microliter). A <jats:italic>sine que non<\/jats:italic> for successful therapy of HIV\u2010TMA appears to be the treatment of the underlying HIV infection.infection. J. Clin. 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