{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:21:53Z","timestamp":1787905313358,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Apheresis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anti\u2013N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is generally responsive to immunotherapy, but some patients remain refractory despite treatment escalation. Lymphoplasmapheresis (LPE), a modified apheresis technique that removes both plasma components and circulating lymphocytes, may offer a salvage option in selected cases. We report a 61\u2010year\u2010old woman with refractory anti\u2010NMDAR encephalitis who showed limited improvement after corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and ofatumumab. After a prolonged interval following ofatumumab induction, she remained severely impaired with persistent disease activity and elevated cerebrospinal fluid and serum anti\u2010NMDAR IgG titers. Three sessions of LPE were performed over 5\u2009days. Clinical improvement was observed after LPE, accompanied by a decline in antibody titers. At 5\u2010month follow\u2010up after LPE, she maintained sustained recovery, with a Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis score of 6 and a modified Rankin Scale score of 2. This case supports a close temporal association between LPE and clinical and immunological improvement, although causality cannot be definitively established from a single case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.70157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T13:52:42Z","timestamp":1785073962000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lymphoplasmapheresis for Refractory Anti\u2013N\u2010Methyl\u2010D\u2010Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6726-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7345-4757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenglian","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0014-6873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70253-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2025.578651"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S397429"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.757841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00725-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28422"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2021.2015842"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70282-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1283511"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Apheresis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jca.70157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jca.70157","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jca.70157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T08:00:50Z","timestamp":1787904050000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jca.70157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jca.70157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jca.70157","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-2459","1098-1101"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-2459","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-1101","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70157"}}