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Since Tat is angiogenic, we assumed that the isolation of differentially expressed genes in Tat\u2010treated endothelial cells would yield insights into the molecular mechanisms of the angiogenic process. By RNA fingerprinting, we found that Tat upregulates the tyrosine phosphatase HD\u2010PTP mRNA in a human endothelial cell line. At the moment, little is known about HD\u2010PTP. We here show that HD\u2010PTP is highly conserved through evolution from yeast to man, and is ubiquitously distributed in adult and fetal tissues. HD\u2010PTP is expressed in human cell lines derived from different tumors, but the mRNA levels do not appear to correlate with the malignant phenotype of the cells. HD\u2010PTP mRNA was also detected in cell lines derived from tumors that develop in BKV\/Tat\u2010transgenic mice. Interestingly, a relation exists between the amounts of secreted Tat and the levels of HD\u2010PTP mRNA. HD\u2010PTP encodes a 185\u2010kDa protein which is expressed in human endothelial from the umbilical cord and in human Kaposi\u2010spindle cells. Tat\u2010induction of HD\u2010PTP mRNA parallels only with a slight increase of the protein, which occurs after 24 and 48 h of incubation in the presence of Tat. These results suggest that HD\u2010PTP amounts might be regulated both at the transcriptional and post\u2010transcriptional levels. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 301\u2013308, 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,11]],"date-time":"2006-01-11T21:20:37Z","timestamp":1137014437000},"page":"301-308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Expression analysis and modulation by HIV\u2010Tat of the tyrosine phosphatase HD\u2010PTP"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Mariotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Castiglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette 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