{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:14:14Z","timestamp":1790788454756,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,17]],"date-time":"2009-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1234828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Cellular Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The statins (3\u2010hydroxy\u20103\u2010methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) were proven to be effective antilipid agents against cardiovascular disease. Recent reports demonstrate an anticancer effect induced by the statins through inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, or inhibition of angiogenesis. These effects are due to suppression of the mevalonate pathway leading to depletion of various downstream products that play an essential role in cell cycle progression, cell signaling, and membrane integrity. Recent evidence suggests a shared genomic fingerprint between embryonic stem cells, cancer cells, and cancer stem cells. Activation targets of <jats:italic>NANOG<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OCT4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SOX2<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>c\u2010MYC<\/jats:italic> are more frequently overexpressed in certain tumors. In the absence of bona fide cancer stem cell lines, human embryonic stem cells, which have similar properties to cancer and cancer stem cells, have been an excellent model throwing light on the anticancer affects of various putative anticancer agents. It was shown that key cellular functions in karyotypically abnormal colorectal and ovarian cancer cells and human embryonic stem cells are inhibited by the statins and this is mediated via a suppression of this stemness pathway. The strategy for treatment of cancers may thus be the targeting of a putative cancer stem cell within the tumor with specific agents such as the statins with or without chemotherapy. The statins may thus play a dual prophylactic role as a lipid\u2010lowering drug for the prevention of heart disease and as an anticancer agent to prevent certain cancers. This review examines the relationship between the statins, stem cells, and certain cancers. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 975\u2013983, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,17]],"date-time":"2009-02-17T20:22:48Z","timestamp":1234902168000},"page":"975-983","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Statins, stem cells, and cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Kalamegam","family":"Gauthaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chui\u2010Yee","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariff","family":"Bongso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"2223","article-title":"Lovastatin augments apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents in colon cancer cells","volume":"5","author":"Agarwal B","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.7.3957"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/dof.1994.019.06.253405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(98)00032-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(01)00705-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.15.2363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.10.8936"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20271"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/p19760001165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-4061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"941","article-title":"Atorvastatin prevents RhoC isoprenylation, invasion, and metastasis in human melanoma cells","volume":"10","author":"Collisson EA","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"930","article-title":"Statins and cancer prevention","volume":"5","author":"Demierre M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.4.1308","article-title":"Increased sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemias to lovastatin induced apoptosis: A potential therapeutic approach","volume":"93","author":"Dimitroulakos J","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.01.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.32.852"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.29.1346"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020355621043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60390-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.02.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550040069040","article-title":"Cholesterol lowering with statin drugs, risk of stroke, and total mortality. 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