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In this study, we have examined the aspects of mutual repression between the ER\u03b1 and NF\u2010\u03baB proteins in ER+ and ER\u2212 hormone\u2010independent cells. Ectopic expression of the ER\u03b1 reduced cell numbers in ER+ and ER\u2212 breast cancer cell lines while NF\u2010\u03baB\u2010binding activity and the expression of several NF\u2010\u03baB\u2010regulated proteins were reduced in ER\u2212 cells. ER overexpression in ER+\/E2\u2010independent LCC1 cells only weakly inhibited the predominant p50 NF\u2010\u03baB. GST\u2010ER\u03b1 fusion protein pull downs and in vivo co\u2010immunoprecipitations of NF\u2010\u03baB:ER\u03b1 complexes showed that the ER\u03b1 interacts with p50 and p65 in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of NF\u2010\u03baB increased the expression of diverse E2\u2010regulated proteins. p50 differentially associated directly with the ER:ERE complex in LCC1 and MCF\u20107 cells by supershift analysis while p65 antibody reduced ER\u03b1:ERE complexes in the absence of a supershift. ChIP analysis demonstrated that NF\u2010\u03baB proteins are present on an endogenous ERE. Together these results demonstrate that the ER and NF\u2010\u03baB undergo mutual repression, which may explain, in part, why expression of the ER\u03b1 in ER\u2212 cells does not confer growth signaling. Secondly, the acquisition of E2\u2010independence in ER+ cells is associated with predominantly p50:p50 NF\u2010\u03baB, which may reflect alterations in the ER in these cells. Since the p50 homodimer is less sensitive to the presence of the ER, this may allow for the activation of both pathways in the same cell. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 448\u2013459, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T13:29:13Z","timestamp":1239024553000},"page":"448-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["NF\u2010\u03baB and estrogen receptor \u03b1 interactions: Differential function in estrogen receptor\u2010negative and \u2010positive hormone\u2010independent breast cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Gionet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deidre","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Mader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.A. Christine","family":"Pratt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"2315","article-title":"17beta\u2010estradiol induces cyclin D1 gene transcription, p36D1\u2010p34cdk4 complex activation and p105Rb phosphorylation during mitogenic stimulation of G(1)\u2010arrested human breast cancer cells","volume":"12","author":"Altucci L","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.151257998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403621101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Acquisition of hormone\u2010independent growth in MCF\u20107 cells is accompanied by increased expression of estrogen\u2010regulated genes but without detectable DNA amplifications","volume":"53","author":"Brunner N","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.8.2687-2695.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.19.10057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.10.3649"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2794","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.7.2794","article-title":"Promoter of the human NF\u2010\u03baB p50\/p105 gene. 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