{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T15:16:09Z","timestamp":1768749369649,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,14]],"date-time":"2013-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Cellular Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). 3,4\u2010Dihydroxybenzalacetone (DBL) is a small catechol\u2010containing compound isolated from Chaga (<jats:italic>Inonotus obliquus<\/jats:italic> [persoon] Pilat), and has been reported to have beneficial bioactivities, including antioxidative, anti\u2010inflammatory, and anti\u2010tumorigenic activities, with a relatively low toxicity to normal cells. We, therefore, investigated the neuroprotective activity of DBL against the PD\u2010related neurotoxin 6\u2010hydroxydopamine (6\u2010OHDA). Pretreatment of human neuroblastoma SH\u2010SY5Y cells with DBL, but not with another Chaga\u2010derived catechol\u2010containing compound, caffeic acid, dose\u2010dependently improved the survival of 6\u2010OHDA\u2010treated cells. Although DBL did not reduce 6\u2010OHDA\u2010induced reactive oxygen species in the cell\u2010free system, it promoted the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus, activated the transcription of Nrf2\u2010dependent antioxidative genes, and increased glutathione synthesis in the cells. Buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, but not Sn\u2010mesoporphyrin IX, a heme oxygenase\u20101 inhibitor, or dicoumarol, an NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 inhibitor, abolished the protective effect of DBL against 6\u2010OHDA. Furthermore, DBL activated stress\u2010associated kinases such as Akt, ERK, and p38 MAPK, and PI3K or Akt inhibitors, but not ERK, p38, or JNK inhibitors, diminished DBL\u2010induced glutathione synthesis and protection against 6\u2010OHDA. These results suggest that DBL activates the Nrf2\/glutathione pathway through PI3K\/Akt, and improves survival of SH\u2010SY5Y cells against 6\u2010OHDA toxicity. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 151\u2013160, 2014. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.24643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,19]],"date-time":"2013-08-19T14:24:48Z","timestamp":1376922288000},"page":"151-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["3,4\u2010Dihydroxybenzalacetone Protects Against Parkinson's Disease\u2010Related Neurotoxin 6\u2010OHDA Through Akt\/Nrf2\/Glutathione Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Kei","family":"Gunjima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural System Bioengineering Course College of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Tomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural System Bioengineering Course College of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa 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