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In the present study, we have identified by sequence analysis a putative NF\u2010\u03baB binding site in a DNase I hypersensitive site, termed HS\u2010II, located in the distant 5\u2032 flanking region of the <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic> gene. Electrophoretic mobility assays showed binding of the sequence element by recombinant NF\u2010\u03baB protein p50 and by proteins in nuclear extract from the HL\u201060 myeloid leukemia cell line corresponding to p50 and to p50\/p65 heterodimers. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated NF\u2010\u03baB binding to the site in intact HL\u201060 cells. Chromosome conformation capture (3C) assays demonstrated physical interaction between the NF\u2010\u03baB binding site and the <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic> promoter region. Inhibition of NF\u2010\u03baB activity by salicylate reduced <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic> expression in peripheral blood neutrophils and differentiated U937 monocytic leukemia cells. U937 cells transfected with a mutant inhibitor of \u03baB \u201csuper\u2010repressor\u201d showed markedly diminished <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic> expression. Luciferase reporter analysis of the NF\u2010\u03baB site linked to the <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic> 5\u2032 flanking promoter region revealed enhanced expression, augmented by treatment with interferon\u2010\u03b3. These studies indicate a role for this distant, 15\u2009kb upstream, binding site in NF\u2010\u03baB regulation of the <jats:italic>CYBB<\/jats:italic> gene, an essential component of phagocyte\u2010mediated host defense. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2008\u20132017, 2015. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.25155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,10]],"date-time":"2015-03-10T04:32:14Z","timestamp":1425961934000},"page":"2008-2017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Regulation of <i>CYBB<\/i> Gene Expression in Human Phagocytes by a Distant Upstream NF\u2010\u03baB Binding Site"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Josias B.","family":"Fraz\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo SP 05508\u2010900 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Thain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and of Molecular, Cellular, and Cancer Biology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester Massachusetts 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