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Osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs isolated from human calcific aortic valve leaflets obtained intraoperatively was induced with an osteogenic medium. Alizarin red S staining was used to evaluate calcium deposition. The protein levels of osteogenic markers and other proteins were evaluated using western blotting and\/or immunofluorescence while qRT\u2010PCR was applied for miR and mRNA determination. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify the possible interaction between miR\u201029b and TGF\u2010\u03b23. Calcium deposition and the number of calcification nodules were pointedly and progressively increased in hAVICs during osteogenic differentiation. The levels of osteogenic and calcification markers were equally increased, thus confirming the mineralization of hAVICs. The expression of miR\u201029b was significantly increased during osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, the osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs was significantly inhibited by the miR\u201029b inhibition. TGF\u2010\u03b23 was markedly downregulated while Smad3, Runx2, wnt3, and \u03b2\u2010catenin were significantly upregulated during osteogenic induction at both the mRNA and protein levels. These effects were systematically induced by miR\u201029b overexpression while the inhibition of miR\u201029b showed the inverse trends. Moreover, TGF\u2010\u03b23 was a direct target of miR\u201029b. Inhibition of miR\u201029b hinders valvular calcification through the upregulation of the TGF\u2010\u03b23 via inhibition of wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin and RUNX2\/Smad3 signaling pathways.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,11]],"date-time":"2017-12-11T14:02:41Z","timestamp":1513000961000},"page":"5175-5185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Mir\u201029b promotes human aortic valve interstitial cell calcification via inhibiting TGF\u2010\u03b23 through activation of wnt3\/\u03b2\u2010catenin\/Smad3 signaling"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Hainan General Hospital Haikou Hainan P.R. China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Shanghai Zhoupu Hospital Shanghai P.R. 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