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One possible way to reach this goal is via stem cell therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types but display limited cardiomyogenic differentiation potential. Members of the T\u2010box family of transcription factors including Tbx20 play important roles in heart development and cardiomyocyte homeostasis. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the potential of Tbx20 to enhance the cardiomyogenic differentiation of human adipose\u2010derived MSCs (ADMSCs). Human ADMSCs were transduced with a bicistronic lentiviral vector encoding <jats:italic>Tbx20<\/jats:italic> (murine) and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (<jats:italic>eGFP<\/jats:italic>) and analyzed 7 and 14 days post transduction. Transduction of human ADMSCs with this lentiviral vector increased the expression of the cardiomyogenic differentiation markers <jats:italic>ACTN1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TNNI3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ACTC1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>NKX2.5<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TBX20<\/jats:italic> (human), and <jats:italic>GATA4<\/jats:italic> as revealed by RT\u2010qPCR. Consistently, immunocytological results showed elevated expression of \u03b1\u2010actinin and cardiac troponin I in these cells in comparison to the cells transduced with control lentiviral particles coding for <jats:italic>eGFP<\/jats:italic> alone. Accordingly, forced expression of <jats:italic>Tbx20<\/jats:italic> exerts cardiomyogenic effects on human ADMSCs by increasing the expression of cardiomyogenic differentiation markers at the RNA and protein level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,11]],"date-time":"2018-04-11T00:48:22Z","timestamp":1523407702000},"page":"6146-6153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cardiomyogenic differentiation of human adipose\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells transduced with <i>Tbx20<\/i>\u2010encoding lentiviral vectors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Vajiheh","family":"Neshati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samaneh","family":"Mollazadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bibi Sedigheh","family":"Fazly Bazzaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine AF","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Mojarrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hojjat","family":"Naderi\u2010Meshkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Department Iranian Academic Center for Education Culture Research (ACECR), Mashhad Branch Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Neshati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Amin","family":"Kerachian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genetics Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0637"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2008.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.13.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2010.01009.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-010-9246-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"RazaviS RazaviMR AhmadiN KazemiM. 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