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The microRNA\u2010134 (miR\u2010134) is involved in regulating the process of ischemia injury in neural cells and brain with ischemia stroke. The role of miR\u2010134 in ischemic stroke remains poorly understood. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of bone marrow\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)\u2010derived exosomal miR\u2010134 on rat oligodendrocytes (OLs) apoptosis and its underlying mechanism of action. The results demonstrated that levels of miR\u2010134 in BMSCs\u2010exosome decreased but increased incaspase\u20108 after oxygen\u2010glucose deprivation (OGD) treatment. Exosomal miR\u2010134 significantly inhibited apoptosis by decreasing caspase\u20108 expression and activity in OGD\u2010treated group cultured with BMSCs\u2010exosome and OLs. In addition, the miR\u2010134 mimics decreased caspase\u20108 expression in OGD\u2010treated OLs, whereas miR\u2010134 inhibitors exacerbated the changes in the expression of the procaspase\u20108 and caspase\u20108 cleaved product proteins caused by OGD. The caspase\u20108 knockdown using caspase\u20108 small interfering RNA decreased OLs apoptosis, reversing the improvements that the miR\u2010134 inhibited cells apoptosis by targeting caspase\u20108. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BMSCs\u2010derived exosomes suppressed OLs apoptosis through exosomal miR\u2010134 by negatively regulating the caspase\u20108\u2010dependent apoptosis pathway and may, therefore, be a novel potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,7]],"date-time":"2018-09-07T02:44:37Z","timestamp":1536288277000},"page":"2109-2118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Bone marrow\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells\u2013derived exosomes prevent oligodendrocyte apoptosis through exosomal miR\u2010134 by targeting caspase\u20108"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Yilei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Liaocheng People\u2019s Hospital Liaocheng 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