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It is auxotrophic for a variety of essential metabolites and obtains amino acids from eukaryotic host cells. <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> can develop inside host cells within chlamydial inclusions. A pathway secreting proteins from inclusions into the host cellular cytoplasm is the type III secretion system (T3SS). The T3SS is universal among several Gram\u2010negative bacteria. Here, we show that CPSIT_0959 of <jats:italic>C. psittaci<\/jats:italic> is expressed midcycle and secreted into the infected cellular cytoplasm via the T3SS. Recombinant CPSIT_0959 possesses cysteine desulfurase and PLP\u2010binding activity, which removes sulfur from cysteine to produce alanine, and helps chlamydial replication. Our study shows that CPSIT_0959 improve the infectivity of offspring elementary bodies and seems to promote the replication by its product. This phenomenon has inhibited by the PLP\u2010dependent enzymes inhibitor. Moreover, CPSIT_0959 increased expression of Bim and tBid, and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential of host mitochondria to induce apoptosis in the latecycle for release of offspring. These results demonstrate that CPSIT_0959 has cysteine desulfurase and PLP\u2010binding activity and is likely to contribute to apoptosis of the infected cells via a mitochondria\u2010mediated pathway to improve the infectivity of progeny.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T13:16:43Z","timestamp":1538054203000},"page":"4409-4422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Localization and characterization of a putative cysteine desulfurase in <i>Chlamydia psittaci<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Yating","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study 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