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Here, we demonstrate that miR\u2010542\u20103p can promote hepatic fibrosis by downregulating the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP\u20107), which is known to antagonize transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF\u03b21)\u2010mediated fibrogenesis effect. The expression of miR\u2010542\u20103p is increased in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Downregulation of MiR\u2010542\u20103p by antisense inhibitors can inhibit HSCs activation markers, including \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin (\u03b1\u2010SMA) and collagen as well as TGF\u03b2 signaling pathways. MiR\u2010542\u20103p was significantly upregulated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)\u2010induced hepatic fibrosis in mice, and downregulation of miR\u2010542\u20103p by lentivirus could prevent the development of hepatic fibrosis. In addition, miR\u2010542\u20103p can directly bind to the 3\u2032\u2010untranslated region of BMP\u20107 mRNA, indicating that its profibrotic effect appears to be caused by its inhibition of BMP\u20107. Our results suggest that downregulation of miR\u2010542\u20103p prevents liver fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting its potential as a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,28]],"date-time":"2018-10-28T17:43:51Z","timestamp":1540748631000},"page":"4573-4581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["MiR\u2010542\u20103p controls hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis via targeting BMP\u20107"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"120","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2214-7113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feihong","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Taizhou Hospital 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