{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T22:26:23Z","timestamp":1767911183034,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]],"date-time":"2019-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cellular Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Growing antimicrobial resistance of the pathogens against multiple drugs posed a serious threat to the human health worldwide. This fueled the need of identifying the novel therapeutic targets that can be used for developing new class of the drugs. Recently, there is a substantial rise in the rate of <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> infections as well as in the emergence of virulent and antibiotic resistant strains. Hence, there is an urgent need for the identification of potential therapeutic targets and the development of new drugs for the treatment and prevention of <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> infections. In the present study, a combinatorial approach involving systems biology and comparative genomics strategy was tested against <jats:italic>Clostridium botulinum<\/jats:italic> ATCC 3502 and <jats:italic>Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic> str. 630 pathogens, to render potential therapeutic target at qualitative and quantitative level. This resulted in the identification of five common (present in both the pathogens, 34 in <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic> ATCC 3502 and 42 in <jats:italic>C. difficile<\/jats:italic> str. 630) drug targets followed by virtual screening\u2013based identification of potential inhibitors employing molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The identified targets will provide a solid platform for the designing of novel wide\u2010spectrum lead compounds capable of inhibiting their catalytic activities against multidrug\u2010resistant <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.28897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T06:17:03Z","timestamp":1557728223000},"page":"16160-16184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Comparative assessment of the therapeutic drug targets of <i>C. botulinum<\/i> ATCC 3502 and <i>C. difficile<\/i> str. 630 using in silico subtractive proteomics approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Tulika","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology TERI School of Advanced Studies Vasant Kunj India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2989-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shafiul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1214-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pallavi","family":"Somvanshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology TERI School of Advanced Studies Vasant Kunj India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","first-page":"173","article-title":"Dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in microbial ecosystems through horizontal gene transfer","volume":"7","author":"Wintersdorff CJH","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Tackling threats and future problems of multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria","volume":"398","author":"Medina E","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.VMBF-0016-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMRx12.014"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_1_6_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"Botulinum toxin: bioweapon & magic drug","volume":"132","author":"Dhaked RK","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2017.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-2172-2_28"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2013.07.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059126"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_12_1","first-page":"355","article-title":"A novel genomics approach for the identification of drug targets in pathogens, with special reference to Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"4","author":"Sakharkar KR","year":"2004","journal-title":"In Silico Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_13_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Study of biochemical changes and elevated levels of enzymes in Salmonella typhi infected patients in Pakistani population","volume":"16","author":"Shamim A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J. 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