{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:31:08Z","timestamp":1789345868293,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Cellular Biochemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    \u03b1\u2010Amylase, which plays an essential role in starch degradation, is expressed mainly in the pancreas and salivary glands. Human \u03b1\u2010amylase is also detected in other tissues, but it is unclear whether the \u03b1\u2010amylase is endogenously expressed in each tissue or mixed exogenously with one expressed by the pancreas or salivary glands. Furthermore, the biological significance of these \u03b1\u2010amylases detected in tissues other than the pancreas and salivary glands has not been elucidated. We discovered that human \u03b1\u2010amylase is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells and analyzed the effects of suppressing \u03b1\u2010amylase expression. \u03b1\u2010Amylase was found to be expressed at the second\u2010highest messenger RNA level in the duodenum in human normal tissues after the pancreas. \u03b1\u2010Amylase was detected in the cell extract of Caco\u20102 intestinal epithelial cells but not secreted into the culture medium. The amount of \u03b1\u2010amylase expressed increased depending on the length of the culture of Caco\u20102 cells, suggesting that \u03b1\u2010amylase is expressed in small intestine epithelial cells rather than the colon because the cells differentiate spontaneously upon reaching confluence in culture to exhibit the characteristics of small intestinal epithelial cells rather than colon cells. The \u03b1\u2010amylase expressed in Caco\u20102 cells had enzymatic activity and was identified as\n                    <jats:italic>AMY2B<\/jats:italic>\n                    , one of the two isoforms of pancreatic \u03b1\u2010amylase. The suppression of \u03b1\u2010amylase expression by small interfering RNA inhibited cell differentiation and proliferation. These results demonstrate for the first time that \u03b1\u2010amylase is expressed in human intestinal epithelial cells and affects cell proliferation and differentiation. This \u03b1\u2010amylase may induce the proliferation and differentiation of small intestine epithelial cells, supporting a rapid turnover of cells to maintain a healthy intestinal lumen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.29357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T03:01:07Z","timestamp":1567479667000},"page":"1238-1249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["\u03b1\u2010Amylase expressed in human small intestinal epithelial cells is essential for cell proliferation and differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4311-0544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimie","family":"Date","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Life Innovation Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo\u2010ku  Tokyo 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