{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:37:56Z","timestamp":1784259476178,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,10]],"date-time":"2007-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1189382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":252,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association of rheumatoid factor (RF) and lung disease in several immunologically mediated conditions has suggested that it may be physiopathologically relevant. Since previous reports in hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) have dealt mainly with the immunoglobulin M (IgM) RF measurement, we studied such antibody activity in other immunoglobulins, to determine the IgG and IgA RF levels in pigeon\u2010HP, and in asymptomatic breeders (AB) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as controls. RFs were measured in 35 HP patients, 41 AB, 31 RA controls, and 55 healthy donors by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using human or rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG), anti\u2010IgM, F(ab\u2032)2 of IgG, and IgA F(ab\u2032)2 conjugates. An affinity chromatography, fragment crystallizable (Fc) preparations of IgG, pepsin digestion, and Western blots were used to confirm RF specificity. We also evaluated anti\u2010avian antibodies (AA) and cross\u2010reacting antibodies. The HP group revealed positive IgM (51.4%), IgG (31.4%), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) (34.2%) RF tests, and these antibody values exceeded the AB reference levels (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.02). HP and RA showed a similar frequency and distribution of RFs. Possible immunoassay interferences were excluded. As in other immunologically mediated diseases, IgG and IgA RFs may play a pathogenic role in HP, amplifying the inflammatory reaction, immune\u2010complex formation, and complement activation. IgM\u2010RF producing cells that have been implicated in the presentation of self and foreign antigens, and T\u2010cell activation might induce the isotype switching of RFs. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:315\u2013321, 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.20188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,10]],"date-time":"2007-09-10T21:19:00Z","timestamp":1189459140000},"page":"315-321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["IgM, IgG, and IgA rheumatoid factors in pigeon hypersensitivity pneumonitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mariana Tellez","family":"Araiza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana E.","family":"Aguilar Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia 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