{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T17:34:06Z","timestamp":1780508046846,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]],"date-time":"2016-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81001333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81001333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81571591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81571591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is an available tumor biomarker for detecting ovarian cancer. However, it is unknown if serum HE4 could be a novel biomarker for diagnosis of lupus nephritis (LN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study enrolled 209 SLE patients, 75 patients with renal dysfunction without SLE and 32 healthy subjects. HE4 concentrations were analyzed by ELISA (enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay; Fujirebio Diagnostics, Sweden). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess diagnostic accuracy of HE4 for LN or CKD in SLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum HE4 level was significantly higher in SLE patients than that in healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), especially for those with LN or CKD. It was also higher in patients with renal dysfunction without SLE than healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), while there was no significant difference between these patients and those with SLE with CKD (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.73). Multivariate analysis showed significant association between increased HE4 and LN or CKD after controlling for confounders. ROC curves showed the cutoff values were 150.1 pM (sensitivity, 76.8%; specificity, 91.1%) for the diagnosis of LN in SLE and 233.9 pM (sensitivity, 92.9%; specificity, 93.5%) for CKD in SLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased serum HE4 level is closely associated with the development of LN or CKD in SLE patients. Furthermore, it can be used as a novel and useful biomarker for diagnosis of LN or CKD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.21954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,14]],"date-time":"2016-04-14T02:23:30Z","timestamp":1460600610000},"page":"897-904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Human Epididymis Protein 4: A Novel Biomarker for Lupus Nephritis and Chronic Kidney Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Zaixing","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of VIP Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baodong","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renqian","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnostics Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.5858\/133.2.233","article-title":"Renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus with emphasis on classification of lupus glomerulonephritis advances and implications","volume":"133","author":"Seshan SV","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(00)70262-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"2046","article-title":"The benefit of early treatment with immunosuppressive agents in lupus nephritis","volume":"21","author":"Esdaile JM","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"1563","article-title":"Prognostic factors in lupus nephritis: Diagnostic and therapeutic delay increases the risk of terminal renal failure","volume":"33","author":"Faurschou M","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181f27e8f"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203307083443"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.525"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110363"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1214243"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod45.2.350"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205363"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-7-61"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800612"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.10.087"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-009-0015-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-014-1811-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","first-page":"e162","article-title":"Is HE4 serum level a valid screening test in women candidates for kidney transplant? 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