{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T04:38:26Z","timestamp":1785299906653,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"the Ministry of Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["201710610275"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201710610275"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hyperuricemia is the only biochemical index in the classification of acute gouty arthritis in American Rheumatism Association 1977 and the main basis of clinical diagnosis for most doctors. However, nearly half of the time gout occurs without hyperuricemia, especially in an acute attack\uff0cwhich leads to an urgent need to find a new substitute diadynamic criteria of gout. Xanthine and hypoxanthine, as precursors of uric acid, have been reported to be high in gout patients with hyperuricemia and presumed to be gout biomarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To further explore the possibility of xanthine and hypoxanthine to be gout biomarkers as substitutes for uric acid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A reversed\u2010phase HPLC\u2010UV method was employed for simultaneous quantitative detection of uric acid (UA), xanthine (X), and hypoxanthine (HX) in gout patients\u2019 (with and without hyperuricemia) and healthy persons\u2019 serum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The xanthine and hypoxanthine concentrations in gout patients with hyperuricemia and without hyperuricemia are higher than in healthy persons with a <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study supplements previous researches by confirming that xanthine and hypoxanthine are significantly elevated in gout patients\u2019 serum especially in patients\u2019 with normouricemia, which supported xanthine and hypoxanthine may have clinical application for the diagnosis of gout.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T06:12:39Z","timestamp":1551161559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Study on the diagnosis of gout with xanthine and hypoxanthine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu China"},{"name":"West China Hospital Sichuan 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