{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T04:18:38Z","timestamp":1784953118247,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81601753"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81601753"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a syndrome resulting from defective telomere maintenance. Immunodeficiency associated with DC can cause significant morbidity and lead to premature mortality, but the immunological characteristics and molecular hallmark of DC patients, especially young patients, have not been described in detail.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We summarize the clinical data of two juvenile patients with DC. Gene mutations were identified by whole\u2010exome and direct sequencing. Swiss\u2010PdbViewer was used to predict the pathogenicity of identified mutations. The relative telomere length was determined by QPCR, and a comprehensive analysis of lymphocyte subsets and CD57 expression was performed by flow cytometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both patients showed typical features of DC without severe infection. In addition, patient 1 (P1) was diagnosed with Hoyeraal\u2010Hreidarsson syndrome due to cerebellar hypoplasia. Gene sequencing showed P1 had a compound heterozygous mutation (c.204G\u00a0&gt;\u00a0T and c.178\u2010245del) in <jats:italic>PARN<\/jats:italic> and P2 had a novel hemizygous mutation in <jats:italic>DKC1<\/jats:italic> (c.1051A\u00a0&gt;\u00a0G). Lymphocyte subset analysis showed B and NK cytopenia, an inverted CD4:CD8 ratio, and decreased na\u00efve CD4 and CD8 cells. A significant increase in CD21<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> B cells and skewed numbers of helper T cells (Th), regulatory T cells (Treg), follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr), and follicular helper T cells (Tfh) were also detected. Short telomere lengths, increased CD57 expression, and an expansion of CD8 effector memory T cells re\u2010expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) were also found in both patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unique immunologic abnormalities, CD8 T\u2010cell senescence, and shortened telomere together as a hallmark occur in young DC patients before progression to severe disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T05:37:59Z","timestamp":1590471479000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T\u2010cell senescence and skewed lymphocyte subsets in young Dyskeratosis Congenita patients with <i>PARN<\/i> and <i>DKC1<\/i> mutations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6041-4211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Research Institute Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing) China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Research Institute Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing) China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Research Institute Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing) China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 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Child Development and Critical Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Research Institute Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing) China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 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