{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:35:26Z","timestamp":1788928526092,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> is an important foodborne pathogen that causes acute diarrhea in humans worldwide. This study analyzed the relationships of serotypes and antibiotic resistance with virulence genes of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolated from children with salmonellosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serological typing was performed using the slide\u2010agglutination method. The Kirby\u2010Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test antibiotic susceptibility. Twenty virulence genes were detected by PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium (21 isolates, 34.43%) and <jats:italic>S\u00a0<\/jats:italic>Enteritidis (12 isolates, 19.67%) were the predominant species among the 61 isolates. Ampicillin resistance was most common (63.93%), and among the cephalosporins, resistance was most often found to cefotaxime, a third\u2010generation cephalosporin (19.67%). Among the 20 virulence genes, <jats:italic>prgH, ssrB<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>pagC<\/jats:italic> were detected in all <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates. In <jats:italic>S\u00a0<\/jats:italic>Typhimurium, the detection rates of <jats:italic>hilA, sipB, marT, mgtC, sopB, pagN, nlpI, bapA, oafA<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>tolC<\/jats:italic> were high. In <jats:italic>S\u00a0<\/jats:italic>Enteritidis, the detection rates of <jats:italic>icmF, spvB, spvR<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>pefA<\/jats:italic> were high. Nitrofurantoin resistance was negatively correlated with the virulence gene <jats:italic>bapA<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005) and was positively correlated with <jats:italic>icmF, spvB, spvR<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>pefA<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.012, .008, .002, and .005, respectively), The <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values between all other virulence genes and antibiotic resistance were &gt;.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium and <jats:italic>S\u00a0<\/jats:italic>Enteritidis were the main serotypes in children with diarrhea in Hangzhou, China. <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> exhibited a high level of resistance to common antibiotics, and a high rate of bacteria carrying virulence genes was observed. However, no significant correlation was found between virulence genes and resistance to common antibiotics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T05:19:46Z","timestamp":1597468786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Serotypes, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes of <i>Salmonella<\/i> in children with diarrhea"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6659-9042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meina","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Children's Hospital Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Children's Hospital Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Children's Hospital Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Children's Hospital Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650733"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1701.P11101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/497599"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"460","article-title":"Comparative study on pathogenicity of Salmonella isolates from different sources of laboratory mice and the detection of their virulence genes","volume":"29","author":"Cheng Q","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Zoonoses"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"Research progress onbacterial resistance influencing virulence","volume":"48","author":"Sun L","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim Hus Vet Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"2355","article-title":"The preliminary study about distribution features of Salmonella virulence genes in Nantong city","volume":"30","author":"Xiong HP","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Qiqihar Med Coll"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Study on virulence island marker gene and analysis of mgtC gene sequence of Salmonella from avian","volume":"06","author":"Chen F","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jiangsu Agr Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"Detection analysis on virulence genes of Salmonella typhimurium pathogenicity Island of Zhoushan","volume":"42","author":"Shen B","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inter J Epidemiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"PCR detection of iconic genes in 19 Salmonella pathogenicity Islands","volume":"37","author":"Hu XJ","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Vet Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/salmonella\u2010(non\u2010typhoidal). 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