{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:02:25Z","timestamp":1792180945780,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Laboratory Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It has proved that there is an association between cancer and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of exhaled breath. This study targets on verifying the existence of specific VOCs in breathing in breast cancer patients, especially those with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were a total of 203 participants included in the final analysis, which included 71 (35.0%) patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer (including 13 with DCIS, 31 with lymph node metastasis\u2010negative status, and 27 with lymph node metastasis\u2010positive status), 78 (38.4%) healthy volunteers, and 54 (26.6%) patients with histologically confirmed gastric cancer. Gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry and solid\u2010phase microextraction were used to analyze the breath samples for the presence of VOCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant differences in the volatile organic metabolites between the DCIS, lymph node metastasis\u2010negative breast cancer, and lymph node metastasis\u2010positive breast cancer groups compared with the healthy controls as well as between the breast cancer and gastric cancer patients. An overlapping set of seven VOCs, including (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>)\u20101,2\u2010propanediol, cyclopentanone, ethylene carbonate, 3\u2010methoxy\u20101,2\u2010propanediol, 3\u2010methylpyridine, phenol, and tetramethylsilane, was significantly different between the breast cancer patients and healthy individuals as well as between the breast cancer and gastric cancer patients. The combination of these seven compounds was considered as a biomarker for breast cancer. The sensitivity for predicting DCIS by this set of seven compounds was determined to be 80.77%, and the specificity was determined to be 100%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This set of seven breast cancer\u2010specific VOCs can be regarded as one particular expiratory marker for DCIS and will help to establish new screening methods for early breast cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T08:09:57Z","timestamp":1604563797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Early diagnosis of breast cancer from exhaled breath by gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (GC\/MS) analysis: A prospective cohort 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Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangmin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enyou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 11 Lyon","author":"Ferlay 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